Special Clues

Special clues:

1.Was born /  Were born / Is born / Are born :

R‡b¥i mgq c„w_ex‡Z AvMgb m¤ú‡K©  ej‡Z D³ Passive Form ¸wj e¨envi Kwi|

Examples:

a. How many children are born every year in Bangladesh.

b. When were you born?

c. I was born in 1989.

2. Have to / Has to / Had to:

‡Kvb KvR Kivi eva¨evaKZv‡K wb‡`©k Ki‡Z e¨eüZ nq|

Examples:

            a. I have to do the work.

b. He has to go.

c. Asma had to leave the house.

3. Would rather (eis ev ZeyI):

Would rather  Øviv Ggb Ae¯’v‡K eySvq hv‡Z GKwUi ‡P‡q Ab¨wU †ekx cQ›`bxq|

Structure-1: Subject + would rather + base form of verb + than + base form verb + extension.

            I would rather die than beg.

Structure -2: Subject + would rather + base form of verb + 1^st noun/noun phrase +than + 2^nd noun/noun phrase.

            I would rather drink tea than coffee.

            He would rather buy a pan than a pencil.

Structure -3: Subject +would rather + be +adjective + than + be +adjective.

            I would rather be poor than be dishonest.

4. Had better / Would better (eis fv‡jv):

‡Kvb Dc‡`k ev wK Ki‡Z n‡e Zv wb‡`©k Kivi Rb¨ Had better e¨envi Kiv nq| GwU eZ©gvb ev fwel¨r †K wb`©k K‡i|

Structure-1: Subject + had better + base form of verb + extension.

            I had better go.

            He had better do the work.

Structure-2: Subject + had better + not + base form of verb + extension.

            You had better not mix with those naughty boys.

[we.`ª.  Would rather / Had better / Would better Gi ci  to infinitive Dn¨ _v‡K|]

5. Let alone ( fvevB hvq bv / cÖkœB D‡V bv):

  Let alone hy³ evK¨ me mgq Negative A_©   cÖKvk K‡i |

 Structure-1: Subject + negative word (cannot/could not/ have not etc.) + verb + noun/noun phrase + let alone + noun/noun phrase.

            He cannot buy a radio let alone a TV.

Structure-2: Subject + negative word + verb + let alone + 2^nd verb.

            The old man could not walk let alone run.

6. What if (hw` Zv-B nq / GgbB nq , Zvn‡j Kx n‡e) :

What if Øviv `ywU NUbvi cause and effect (Kvh© ev djvdj) cÖKvk K‡i|What if  hy³ sentence  wU cÖ_‡g †KvbwKQzi eY©bv cÖ`vb K‡i AZtci mswkøó NUbvwU n‡j ev bv n‡j wK n‡e ev wK n‡Z cv‡i A_ev wK n‡Z cviZ GgbwU wb‡`©k K‡i|

Examples:

a.       What if the rumour is true?

b.       What if  you had a car?

c.       What if she did not go there?

6. As if  if/ as though  (‡hb):

G ¸‡jv Zzjbv eySv‡Z e¨eüZ nq| G †¶‡Î G ¸‡jvi c~‡e©i Ask Present Indefinite n‡j c‡ii Ask Past. Indefinite nq|Avi c~‡e©i Ask  Past Indefinite n‡j c‡ii past Perfect Tense nq|

Examples:

He tells the matter as if he knew it.

He told the matter as if he had known it.

7. As soon as (‡h‡Z bv †h‡Z, Ki‡Z bv Ki‡Z, NU‡Z bv NU‡Z BZ¨vw` A_© cÖKvk K‡i) :Gi cieZx© `ywU evK¨B Past Indefinite Tense  nq|

Examples:         As soon as he reached the stadium, the game stopped.

                                As soon as Maliha reached the station, the train left.

8. What’s ………like :

What’s ……like Øviv Kx‡mi g‡Zv , Kx iKg , †Kgb A_© cÖKvk K‡i| Gi mvnv‡h¨ †Kvb e¨wKÍ ev e¯‘i eY©bv LyUwbvwU weeiY BZ¨vw` cÖ`vb Kiv nq| ZvB GwU mvaviYZ †KvbwKQz wRÁvmv Ki‡Z e¨eüZ nq|

 Examples:        What is your new neihgbour like?

                        What’s he like?

9. What does……..look like :

What does……..look like Øviv †KvbwKQz †`L‡Z †Kgb ,KZ my›`i BZ¨vw` eySvq|

Examples:         What does he look like?

                        What does your baby look like?

Introductory ‘THERE’

A‡bK mgq ev‡K¨ Clear Subject bv _vK‡j A_v©r Subject -‡K cÖ_‡g †i‡L evK¨ MVb Ki‡j hw` Zv myLKi bv nq, Zvn‡j There w`‡q evK¨ Avi¤¢ Ki‡Z nq| Avi GB  There †K Introductory ‘There’ A_v©r f~wgKvg~jK ‘There’ e‡j|

Structure: There + verb + subject.......

Examples::        1. GB e‡b A‡bK MvQ Av‡Q| - There are many trees in this forest.

2. Avg‡`i MÖv‡g GKwU gv`ªvmv Av‡Q|  There is a madrasha in our village.

3. G MÖv‡g gvbyl wQj bv|  There was no man in this village.

4. †`vqv‡Z wK Kvwj †bB?  Is there no ink in the inkpot?

5. GB Mv‡Q cvwL wQj| There was a bird on this tree.

Introductory/ Preparatory ‘It’

‡h me NUbvi Dci gvby‡li wbqš¿Y †bB, †m me NUbv ev Sentence ¸‡jv It Øiv ïiæ Ki‡Z nq | Avi GB  It †K Preparatory ‘It’ e‡j|

Ante- Meridian –A.M./AM/a.m./am

                                                      [Meridian- ga¨vý ]

Post- Meridian – P.M./PM/p.m./pm

Examples:  

1.       †fvi n‡q‡Q|- It is morning.                       10.  GLb covi mgq|-  It is time to read.

2.       GLb cuvPUv|-  It is 5 o’clock.                     11.  ejv mnR|-  It is easy to say.

3.       GLb mv‡o cvuPUv|-  It is a half past five.      12.  Kiv KwVb|-  It is difficult to do.

4.       †cŠ‡b cvuPUv|- It is a quarter to five.           13.  e„wó nq|-  It  rains.

5.       mKvj cvuPUv|-  It is 5am.                                       14. e„wó n‡”Q|-  It is raining.

6.       `ycyi eviUv|-  It is 12 noon.                        15.  Kzqvkv c‡o|-   It dews.

7.       weKvj cvuPUv|-  It is 5 pm.

8.       ivZ AvUUv|-  It is 8 pm..

9.       ivZ wZbUv|-  It is 3 am..

[wKQy e¨wZµg ¸‡jv e¨ZxZ GB `yBwUi cv_©K¨ nj,There ¯’vbÁvcK Ges It  nj mgq ÁvcK|]

 

Articles and Preposition

Articles

q  Articles Gi msÁv t Bs‡iRx fvlvq a, an , I the †K Articles e‡j| 

q  Articles `yB cÖKvi : 1. Indefininite

                                        2. Definite

1. Indefininite  : Awbw`©ó K‡i eySv‡Z Noun  Gi Av‡M a / an Gi e¨envi‡K Indefininite Articles e‡j| A_ev a I an †K Indefininite Articles e‡j| 

2. Definite : wbw`©ó K‡i eySv‡Z Noun Gi Av‡M The Gi e¨envi †K Definite Articles e‡j| A_ev The †K Definite Article e‡j|

†hgb t  i. This is a book.

    ii. The book is good.

q  Avgv‡`i †K g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h Article mvaviYZ Noun Gi Av‡M e‡m|Z‡e wK me Noun Gi Av‡M? bv Common I Collective noun Gi c~‡e© †ewki fvM mgq Articlee‡m| Ab¨_vq Plural nq| Proper Noun Gi c~‡e© wKQy mgq e‡m, Avi wKQy mgq e‡m bv| Material I Abstract Noun Gi Av‡M Article e‡m bv|

†hgb t  I have a book / books.( ïay book bq) We ate an apple / apples(ïay apple bq). He gave me the apple (apple bq) .         Honesty is the best policy.(The / a / an honesty bq). Karim is good (the / a / an karim bq) Mother reads  the Quran .(ïay Quran bq).

q  cwi‡k‡l GK_v ejv hvq †h, Countable Noun Gi c~‡e© Article e‡m Ges Uncountable noun Gi c~‡e© Article e‡m bv|

[we: `ª: wKQy wKQy †¶‡Î e¨wZµg Av‡Q,Zv Avgviv mvg‡b Av‡jvPbv Kie|]

q  Avgiv Rvbjvg Article †ewk e‡m Common I Collective noun Gi c~‡e©|

q  a I an Awbw`©ó K‡i eSv‡bvi Rb¨ e¨eüZ nq| G `yÕwU GKB A_© enb K‡i A_v©r GKwU eySvq| Z‡e e¨env‡i Öcv_©K¨ Av‡Q|

A I AnGi e¨envi

1.        k‡ãi ïiæ‡Z Consonant _vK‡j a I vowel _vK‡j an e‡m|

†hgb t       I eat a banana.

        I eat an apple.

2.        k‡ãi ïiæ‡Z H _vK‡j D”PvwiZ n‡j A I D”PvwiZ bv n‡j An e‡m|

†hgb t       I have a house.

He is an honest man.

A horse, a half, an heir, an hour etc

3.        k‡ãi ïiæ‡Z u / eu / ew _vK‡j D”PviY ‘u’ Gi gZ n‡j a  I ÔAv' Gi gZ n‡j an e‡m|

‡hgb t     This is a university .

Father had an umbrella.

A union / unity / uniform / uniqe / usage / European / ewe etc.

An uneducated man, unuseful thing etc.

4.        k‡ãi ïiæ‡Z O _vK‡j D”PviY ÔIqvÕ Gi gZ n‡j a Ges ÔIÕ Gi gZ n‡j an e‡m|

†hgb t     I have a one takanote.

Urmi had an orange.

5.        k‡ã msw¶ß iƒ‡ci cÖ_g e‡Y©i D”PviY  Consonant Gi gZ n‡j a Ges vowel Gi gZ n‡j an e‡m|

‡hgb t     He is a B.A..          He is an M.A..

                                        a   B.B.A / B.Sc. / B.C.S. / B.com / B.S.S etc.

an  M.B.B.S / F.R.C.S / M.B.A / M.Sc. / L.L.B. / M.P. / S.P.etc

6.        GK RvZxq mKj‡K eySv‡Z Singular Common Noun Gi c~‡e© a  / an  e‡m|

†hgb t     A cow is useful.

An ant has six legs.

7.        cwigvY wb‡`©kK(Quantity)wee„wZ‡Z a /an e¨eüZ nq|

†hgb t   a lot of, a great many, a great deal of , a little, a few good many / deal etc.

8.        KL‡bv KL‡bv PrepositionA‡_© a e‡m| ZLb GB Preposition †K Disguised preposition e‡j|

†hgb t   The king went a hunting (a = on).

9.        msL¨v evPK Expression †hgb t couple, dozen, score (20), hundred, thousand, million BZ¨vw` Gi c~‡e© a e‡m|                            †hgb t They sold a dozen pens.

         At least a million of people attended the meeting.

10.     Zzjbv A‡_© Proper noun   hLb common noun wnmv‡e e¨eüZ nq ZLb Bnvi c~‡e© a / an  e‡m|

†hgb t     Nelson Mandela is an Abraham Lincon in his ideals.

I see you are a Words worth.

11.      hw` I Uncountable noun Gi c~‡e© Article e‡m bv Z‡e Gi mv‡_ hw` Measure words   (cwigvY Kiv hvq Ggb kã) †hvM Kiv nq Zvn‡j a / an  e‡m |

†hgb t   Give me a glass of water.

Give him a cup of tea.

The Gi e¨envi

1.        wbw`©ó K‡i eySvq Ggb Common Noun Gi Singular / Plural Dfq Number Gi c~‡e© The e‡m| 

†hgb t       The boys are playing.

The girl is reading.

2.        GK RvZxq mKj‡K eySv‡Z Singular Common noun Gi c~‡e© The e‡m|

†hgb t   The cow is a useful animal.

3.        ag©MÖš’, cwÎKv, weL¨vZ wewìs, RvnvR,RvwZ, m¤cÖ`vq, †Uª‡bi bvg, A_©‡evaK ¯’vb, †jL‡Ki bvg mn MÖ‡š’i bvg, cÖwm× HwZnvwmK NUbv, cÖwm× HwZnvwmK †nv‡Uj, wmbvgv M„n, ÷xgvi, BZ¨vw`i c~‡e© The e‡m| †hgb t  

The Quran, The Geeta, The Bibale, The Bengali , The Ittefaq, The Titanic, TheTajmahal , The Muslim, The Netherlands, The Sudan, The Mall, The Yemen, The English, The U.S.A., The panzab etc. Dhaka Sheraton is a five star hotel. The green Arrow runs at its full speed. Ibrahim Lodi was defeated in the battle of Panipath.

4.        b`x, mvMi , DcmvMi, gnvmvMi ce©Z †kªYx, ØxccyÄ,BZ¨vw`i c~‡e© The e‡m|†hgb t  

The Himalayas, The Pacific, The Andaman’s, The Meghan, The Bay of  Bangal, The Gulf of Mexico, The cape of Good Hope( DËgvk Aš—ixc), The Bay of Biscay, The Arabian Ocean, The Crebean Sea, The Arabian Gulf, The new forest, The High street, The Atlantic, The Sahara etc.

5.        GKK e¯‘ †hgb t c„w_ex,m~h©, P›`ª, AvKvk, w`K BZ¨vw`i c~‡e© The e‡m| †hgb t  

The earth, the sun, The moon, The sky, The west, The east, The north, The south. BZ¨vw`|

6.        RvwZ eySv‡bvi Rb¨ Adjective Gi c~‡e© the e‡m|

†hgb t       The rich are unhappy. The poor are happy. The virtuaus are really happy.

7.        Zvwi‡Li bv‡gi c~‡e© The e‡m| †hgb t   The 26^th march is our independent day.

8.        Possessive Adjective (his, her, my, our, their, your etc) _vK‡j Gi ci †Kvb A½-cÖZ¨‡½i bvg

   (†hgb t hand, legs, head,etc) _vK‡j Zvi cwie‡Z© The e‡m| †hgb t The snake bit him in (his) the leg.

9.        Superlative degree,  ordin numeral Adjective Gi c~‡e© The e‡m|

†hgb t       Urmi is the best. She is the first girt.

10.     Phrase ev clause †hvM Kivi Kvi‡Y †Kvb   Noun †K wbw`©ó e‡j wPwüZ Kiv n‡j Zvi c„‡e© The e‡m|

†hgb t     The girl in blue was very beautiful.

The bird that  I cought was blue.

11.     Two K_vwUi D‡jøL _vKv m‡Ë¡I `yB‡qi g‡a¨ Zzjbv eySv‡Z Adjective Gi Comparative Degree Gi  c„‡e© The e‡m|  

†hgb t     Urmi is the better of the two girls.

12.     hZ ZZ eySv‡Z adverb iƒ‡c e¨eüZ Comparative Degree Gi c~‡e© The e‡m|

†hgb t       The more man gets ,the more he wants. The sooner,  the better..

13.     ‡Kvb wbw`©ó e¨w³ ev e¯‘i ¸Y eySv‡Z Abstract noun  Gi c~‡e© The e‡m| 

†hgb t     The kindness of Mohsin is known to all.

14.     Common Noun ev Adjective hLb Abstract idea eySvq ZLb Zv‡`i c~‡e© The e‡m|

†hgb t     The mother (motherly affection) rose in her.

15.      †Kvb wbw`©ó ¯’v‡bi ev wbw`©ó cÖKv‡ii c`v_© eySv‡j Material noun Gi c~‡e© The e‡m|

†hgb t     The perfume of Saudi Arabia is famous.

16.     Proper noun Gi c~‡e© Adjective _vK‡j Zvi c~‡e The e‡m|

†hgb t      The great Omar  (R) was the second caliph  of  Islam.

17.     ‡Kvb Noun hLb  Superlative Gi ¸iæZ¡ eySvq ZLb Zvi c~‡e© The e‡m|

†hgb t     Micheal jackson  is the singer of the day.

18.     Musical instruments, choir, orchestra Ges  pop Group Gi c~‡e© The e‡m|

†hgb t     He plays the piano. The Miles, The Abba etc.

19.     msL¨v cÖKvkK †h Word GKwU unit G e‡m Zvi c~‡e©, KwZcq Collective noun Gi c~‡e© Ges wKQy phrase Gi c~‡e© The e‡m| 

 †hgb t     He sells mangoes by the hundred.

The man buys eggs by the score.

Z‡e The  Gi c‡ii Word Gi Plural nq bv|

He  is on the bank of  ruin.I am in the wrong. The little. The peasantry . The audience. etc.

20.     Adjective hy³ KwZcq Proper Noun ev Noun  + of  + Proper Noun Gi c~‡e© The e‡m|

†hgb t     The National  Zoo is at Mirpor. The  National  Science Museum,

The fort of Lalbag  etc.

     

Omission of Article

1. Plural Noun Gi c~‡e© a/an e‡m bv |

†hgb t I have eggs.(an eggs bq ).

2. Uncountable Noun Gi c~‡e© a/an e‡m bv | †hgb t  Water (a water bq ).
3. Avnv‡ii bv‡gi c~‡e© Article e‡m bv | Z‡e we‡kl †Kvb Lvevi eySv‡j e‡m |

†hgb t  We ate dinnar together.(a dinnar bq).

   We took breakfast .(the breakfast bq ).

e¨wZµg t

  She gave them a good dinnar.

  Was were invited to a dinnar at her marrige ceremony .

  The wedding dinnar was very pleasing.

4. RvwZ‡i mKj‡K eySv‡Z Singular Common noun ‘man’ ‘woman’  Gi c~‡e© Article  e‡m bv| Z‡e Awbw`©ó GKRb gvbyl eySv‡Z  a Ges wbw`©ó gvbyl eySv‡Z  The e‡m |

†hgb t     Man is mortal .      Woman is modest.

I know a man .       The man is good.

5. Rule G D‡jøwLZ  Proper Noun ¸‡jv e¨ZxZ Ab¨vb¨¨   Proper Noun Gi c~‡e© Article e‡m bv|

†hgb t       Karim is good.(the/a/an karim bq)

6. Abstract Noun Kv‡iv we‡kl ¸Y bv eySv‡j  Article e‡m bv|

†hgb t     Kindness is a good virtue (The kindness bq).

7. Possessives I Demonstratives Determiner Gici  Article e‡m bv|

†hgb t       It is my book.(the/a book bq).

This book is good (a/the book bq ).

8. cÖK…wZ A‡_© Nature e¨eüZn‡j the e‡m bv|Z‡e ¯^fve A‡_© e¨eüZ n‡j e‡m|

†hgb t     Words worth was a great of nature.

The nature of this mas is good.

9. Home, Masque, charch, Madrasha, School, Hospital, Prison, Sea, Twon, Work G Word ¸‡jvi c~‡e© mvaviYZ  Article e‡m bv|          †hgb t               He is at home (the home bq)|

I am going to school.(the school bq)

Z‡e home Gi Av‡M modifier _vK‡j thee‡m| †hgb t The nurse’s home.  Ikbal is going to the school. ¯‹z‡ji Kv‡R bq, Ab¨ Kv‡Q †m‡¶‡Î the e‡m| work Øviv Kv‡Ri ¯’vb eySv‡bv m‡Ë¡ I hw` office kã D‡jøL _v‡K Zvnv‡j Zvi c~‡e© the e‡m|

†hgb t       Karim is in the office work.

10. iv¯Ív ev cv‡K©i bv‡gi c~‡e© The e‡m bv|Z‡e road kã D‡jøL _vK‡j the e‡m|

†hgb t     We went to Ramnapark. Urmi went along x-street.

Beauty’s mother went along the road.

11. Vocative case(m‡¤^vab c` )Gi c~‡e© the e‡m bv|

†hgb t     Boys, don’t run in the sun.

12. Select, elect, make, nominate, crown, appaint  cÖf„wZ Verb Gi complement Gi Av‡M the e‡m bv|

†hgb t       We  made him  chairman.( the chairman.bq)|

Z‡e wbw`©ó A‡_© n‡Z cv‡i| We  made him the chairman of the meeting.

13. fvlvi bv‡gi Av‡M the e‡m bv|

†hgb t       Bangla is our mother tongue. Arabi is a good language.

14. Allah I god Gi c~‡e© Articlee‡m bv|

†hgb t     Allah has created us.

Some  additional  excemples

Speak the truth. Don’t tell a lie. The work has come to a close.  He is in a temper. We went out for a walk. You are in the wrong. They have a lot of money. Rice is sold by the kilogram. Make a fire. Take a short skepor nap. He has a great deal of work to do. It is a fact. Never make a noice in the class etc.

Few (‡bB ej‡j P‡j )- a few (mvgvb¨ K‡qK )-the few (wbw`©ó A‡_© Lye Kg ) little ( ej‡Z †M‡j †gv‡UB bv )- a little  (Aí/ Kg)  the little (wbw`©ó A‡_© LyeKg )

Exercise:

 

      Ques. Use articles where necessary. Put a cross (x) where an article is not needed.

1.        English is (a)...... international language. We feel (b) ...... necessity of learning English at every step. This is (c)...... only language of international overseas communication, co-operation and (d)...... co-existence. It is essential of receive (e) ......foreign degree or higher education all (f) ......good jobs need English knowing persons. So every educated person should know how to communicate in (g) ...... English. To learn and develop (h) ...... skill of English specially for (i) ...... students is very important. No (j) ......student should be ignorant of it.

2.        Akbar (a)...... great was one of (b) ...... greatest emperors of India. He was on the one side a great ruler and on the other side a man of (c)...... wisdom. Among all (d)...... Mughal rulers he was (e) ...... best. As a result his name has been written in golden letters in the page of  (f) ......history, He was (g) ...... Uneducated person. But he had (h) ...... ability to rule (i) ...... kingdom like (j) ...... expert ruler.

3.        One day I met (a)...... lame man. After talking for a while he showed me (b) ...... identity card. seeing (c)...... identity card. I came to know that he was (d)...... university student. After completing his (e) ...... study he joined (f) ...... army. During the Liberation war he fought (g) ......bravely against (h) ......  occupied army of the then. West. Pakistan. But it is (i) ...... irony of fate that a bullet of (j) ...... enemies hit on his left leg. Thus he lost his leg.

4.        (a)...... cricket is (b) ...... foreign game in our country. But it is (c)...... international game. After winning (d)......ICC trophy in (e) ...... Malaysia in 1996, it has become more popular then football in our country. By defeating (f) ...... kenya Bangladesh got (g) ...... first victory in (h) ...... ODI cricket in 1998. Bangladesh got the taste of winning (i) ...... test match in January,2005 defeat in (j) ...... Zimbabwe.

5.        a student must take care of his (a)...... health because (b) ...... sound mind lives in  (c)...... sound body. Good health is (d)...... key to success. In order to enjoy good health, (e) ...... student must observe (f) ...... rules of health. (g) ...... unhealthy man may be (h) ......possessor of vast (i) ...... wealth but he leads (j) ...... unhappy life.

6.        Though patriotism is (a)...... universal human trait, it is often torn away by (b) ...... state herself. (c)...... poor people of  (d)...... poor country become indifferent to their state of affairs and lose (e) ...... sense of patriotism. Such people would have become as patriotic as (f) ......Simon Bolivar or (g) ...... Abraham Lincoin if they had a caring government or leader who would make their lives a bit easier. (h) ...... people of (i) ...... wealthy country simply love their country because the sate provides them with everything like shelter, education, job and (j) ...... security.

7.        (a)...... discipline is seen in (b) ...... nature. Every morning (c)...... sun rises in (d)...... east, day follows (e) ...... night, birds sing and (f) ...... plants blossom. Everywhere in (g) ...... nature there is (h) ......harmony. If there were no discipline in (i) ...... nature, there would have been (j) ...... chaos everywhere.

8.        A library is (a)......part and parcel of (b) ...... educational institution. It is (c)...... unique place where books of different subjects are kept for (d)...... reading. It enables (e) ...... readers to read books of their choice that create (f) ...... enthusiasm for learning, Students should pay (g) ...... visit to (h) ...... library regularity. They can borrow books for (i) ...... certain period and return them after (j) ...... given time.

9.        Money cannot buy (a)...... happiness. Money is (b) ...... must for our life. But it is not (c)...... necessary to bring happiness. Happiness is absolutely (d)...... psychological thing. It is (e) ...... name of (f) ...... feeling. It means the contentment of the mind. He who is (g) ...... satisfied with what he gets and content with his life is (h) ...... really a happy one. Happiness cannot be purchased with (i) ...... money. No doubt. money has got something to do with (j) ...... happiness; but it cannot give us complete happiness.

10.     Patriotism is a noble (a)...... virtue. It inspires (b) ...... man to shed last drop of blood to defend the freedom of his (c)......country. (d)......  man without patriotism is no better than (e) ......beast. A true patriot is honored by (f) ......all. He thinks for (g) ...... welfare of his country. On (h) ......other hand (i) ...... unpatriotic man thinks only of his own interest. Those who die for (j) ...... country are true patriots.

11.     Our life is (a)...... sum total of hours, days and years. But all days are equally memorable to us. Most of (b) ......days are forgotten with (c)...... passage of time. Only (d)......few of these days remain ever fresh in our memory. My (e) ...... first day at school is such (f) ...... day. It is fresh in my mind even now. When I was (g) ...... a boy of six my father proposed that I should be admitted into (h) ...... school in (i) ...... class I. I felt (j) ...... both joy and delight.

12.     Unemployment is (a)...... great social evil. All (b) ...... able-bodied persons in a society should be engaged in any occupation. (c)...... unemployed man has to lead a vagabond life. Life becomes (d)...... curse and burden to him. He has (e) ...... idle brain which very soon becomes (f) ...... devil’s workshop. Then are many reasons of (g) ......unemployment in our country. Bangladesh is not (h) ...... industrialized country. The mills and factories that we have can give employment to (i) ...... limited number of people. Similar is the case with (j) ...... agriculture.

13.     Punctuality is of great value to (a)...... student. (b) ...... unpunctual boy who is late in (c)...... class will miss (d)...... part of his lesson and fall (e) ...... behind other students. But  (f) ...... punctual student will learn his lesson in (g) ......time and do well in (h) ...... examination. Punctuality is (i) ...... key to success in life. We all should be (j) ...... punctual in our activities.

14.     Dowry means property or money brought by a bride to her (a)...... husband. During marriage ceremony (b) ......section of greedy people claim much wealth or money from (c)...... guardians of the brides. (d)...... poor illiterate girls become (e) ...... victims of dowry. If (f) ......guardians fall to fulfill (g) ......demand of (h) ......bridegroom, the brides are maltreated. So, the poor cannot think of their daughters. It is (i) ......social curse. This curse can be eliminated by changing the outlook of people specially the male (j) ...... members.

15.     Journey is always (a)...... pleasure to me. Wherever, I go on journey my heart leaps with    (b) ...... joy. But (c)...... journey by boat give me (d)...... greatest pleasure. since Bangladesh is a land of (e) ...... rivers. It is (f) ...... easy matter to make (g) ...... journey by boat. Whenever I get (h) ...... opportunity to make (i) ...... journey by doat, I make (j) ......best use of the opportunity.

16.     It was (a)...... dark night, A blind man was walking along (b) ...... road with (c)......lamp in his hand. Two men laughed at (d)...... blind man. One said, “what’s (e) ......use of (f) ...... lamp to a blind man?” The other called him (g) ...... fool. The blind man heard this and said, “ It’s for those who’re (h) ......careless. “What (i) ...... surprise”, said (j) ......others.

17.     A true friend is (a)...... asset. He stands by his (b) ...... friend in time of danger. He is not  (c)...... greedy man. He always wishes for (d)...... welfare of his friend. But it is (e) ......matter of (f) ...... fact that (g) ...... ideal friend is very rare today. (h) ...... selfish man cannot be (i) ...... true friend. He thinks of his own (j) ...... interest.

18.     The Great ship Titanic for New York from Southampton on April, 1912. At that time she was (a)...... largest ship. (b) ...... tragic of this great (c)...... liner will always be remembered for she went down on her first voyage. Four days after sailing out, while it was sailing out, while it was sailing across (d)......icy (e) ...... waters of (f) ...... North Atlantic, (g) ......huge ice berg was suddenly spotted. After (h) ...... alarm had been given (i) ......great ship turned sharply to avoid (j) ...... collision.

                                                                                                Preposition 

 msÄv : Preposition – c~‡e© Ae¯’vb| A_v©r †h Word †Kvb Noun/ Prououn Gi c~‡e© e‡m H Noun / Pronoun Gi ms‡M Sentence Gi Ab¨vb¨ word/ words Gi m¤ú©K ¯’vcb K‡i,Zv‡K Preposition e‡j| †hgb t  He is at home.

q  m~wcÖq wk¶v_x©e„›`, evsjv fvlv †hgb wefw³ Qvov m¤ú~©Y A_© cÖKvk Ki‡Z cv‡i bv †Zgwb fv‡e Preposition e¨ZxZ Bs‡iRx fvlv m¤ú~Y© A_©‡evaK nq bv| Preposition n‡jv  English Language Gi AjsKvi|Avi evsjv fvlvq wefw³ e‡m k‡ãi †k‡l, English Language G Preposition e‡m Word Gi c~‡e©| GKwU D`vniY w`‡jB eyS‡Z cvi‡e|  †hgb t  ¯Avwg Ni AvwQ| A_©nxb evsjv evK¨ ¯ Avwg N‡i AvwQ| A_© c~Y© evsjv evK¨

¯I am home A_©nxb Bs‡iRx evK¨|          ¯ I am at home A_© c~Y© Bs‡iRx evK¨|

q  Preposition Gi cÖKvi †f` : Preposition Qq cÖKvi| h_v t

1.        Simple: at,in, by etc

2.        Double: upon, into, within etc.

3.        Compound : behind= by (=be) + hind,along = on (=a) + long etc.

4.        Phrase : in frontof, in spite of etc.

5.        Participle : Regarding this matter Iknow nothing (regarding= about)

6.        Disguised preposition: The poor man went a (on) begging.

        It is 10 o’clock (of clock) in the morning.

q  Preposition Gi e¨envi m¤ú©‡K AeMZ nIqvi c~‡e© wefw³i Ávb _vK‡j Preposition Gi e¨envi eyS‡Z mnR n‡e|ZvB .....

q  wefw³ Gi cÖKvi †f` : wefw³ mvZ cÖKvi|

[[

·   cÖ_gv : o(A)-       iv, ¸wj,MY

·   wØZxqv : †K,†i-     w`M‡K,w`‡M‡i|

·   Z…Zxq: Øviv,w`‡q,KZ©…K- w`M Øviv,w`M w`‡q,w`M KZ…K

·   PZz_x©: †K,†i-        w`M‡K,w`M‡i|

·   cÂgx: n‡Z,†_‡K-  w`M n‡Z, w`M †_‡K|

·   lôx: i,Gi-         w`‡Mi,†`i|

·   mßgx: †Z,G,q-     w`‡M‡Z,w`‡M|

wKQy ¸iæZ¡ c~Y© Preposition Gi e¨envi t

 “IN”

1.        eo kn‡ii c~‡e© : I live in Chittagong-Avwg PÆMÖv‡g evm Kwi|

2.        ev‡·i wfZi A‡_©: The book is in the box-eBwU e‡· Av‡Q|

3.        gv‡Vi wfZi A‡_© : They play in the field-Zviv gv‡V †L‡j|

4.        b`xi g‡a¨ A‡_©:  He catches fish in the river-†m b`x‡Z gvQ a‡i|

5.        cyKz‡ii g‡a¨ A‡_©:  He bathes in the pond-†m cyKz‡i †Mvmj K‡i|

6.        mv‡ji c~‡e© : I came in 2001-Avwg 2001 m‡b G‡mwQjvg|

7.        mßvn,w`‡bi †k‡l eySv‡Z : He will come in a week-†m GK mßv‡n Avm‡e|

8.        ‡Kvb wKQy‡Z Ae¯’vb/_vKv : He reads in class VII-†m mßg †kªYx‡Z c‡o|

9.        Morning, After noon, Noon, Evening Gi c~‡e© the _vK‡j In Ab¨_vq at e‡m:

He reads in the morning-‡m mKv‡j c‡o|They walk at morning.Zviv mKv‡j nv‡V|

10.     Ae¯’v : He is in good health. The machine is in good condition

11.     ‡¶‡Î : In this case,the shopkeeper is guilty,not the customer

12.     we‡ePbvq : Please do it in my own interest.

“AT”

1.        ‡QvU kn‡ii A‡M : He lives at Comilla. †m Kzwgjøvq _v‡K|

2.        AcwieZ©bxq wbw`ó mg‡qi c~‡e©: He came at 6 A.M wZwb mKvj QÕUvq Avm‡jb|

3.        N‡i Ae¯’vb eySv‡Z: We are at home Avgiv evwo‡Z AvwQ|

4.        iv‡Zi Av‡M : We sleep at night Avgiv iv‡Z Nygvq|

5.        `yBwU ¯’vb _vK‡j †QvUwUi c~‡e© at I eowUi c~‡e© in e‡m: They live at Satkania in Chittagong. -

                                            Zviv PÆMÖv‡gi mvZKvwbqvq _v‡K| | 

6.        g~j¨ : The chair has been priced at four-thundred taka.

7.        gvÎv : The car ran at 120 miles per hour.

8.        w`‡K (mgq mgq w`‡K A_© cÖKvk K‡i) :The dog ran at the new-comer.

9.        `vwqZ¡ : Do it at your own cost. He did it at his own risk.

“BY”

1.        w`‡bi Av‡M : We walk by day-Avgiv w`‡b nvuwU|

2.        hvbevn‡bi Av‡M : I will go home by boat-Avwg †bŠKvq evwo hve|

3.        AbvMZ Time Gi Av‡M:  I will come by 5 A.M.- Avwg mKvj 5 Uvq Avme|

4.        cv‡k emv A‡_© : I’ll sit by you-Avwg †Zvgvi cv‡k eme| (sit by-Group Verb)

5.        gva¨‡g¨ : KZv© mivmwi †Kvb KvR Ki‡e bv , KvRwU c‡iv¶ fv‡e K…Z n‡e Giƒc eySv‡Z by e‡m :

The work was done by him.   Kill the snake by the stick.

6.        Abymv‡i :Now it is 10 P.M. by my watch

7.        cwigvc :Our dining table is 4 feet by 2½ feet.

8.        kc_ Kviv :You swore by Allah that you would never tell a lie.

“WITH”

1.        n¯Í PvwjZ DcKi‡Yi Av‡M Øviv/ w`‡q A‡_© : I write with a pen.-Avwg Kjg w`‡q wjwL|

2.        mv‡_ : He lives with me. You went with your brother.

3.        Dci : Don’t be angry with me Avgvi Dci ivMvwš^Z n‡qv bv|

4.        m‡Ë¡I :With (=in spite of ) all his weekness, He is a leader.

5.        Kv‡Ri fve : I read the book with much in terest. AZ¨šÍ AvMÖn wb‡q Avwg eBwU c‡o wQjvg|

6.        cv_©K¨, c„_Kx KiY A‡_© : Don’t part with such a good pen-GZ my›`‡i GKUv Kjg nvZ Qvov Ki bv|

7.        gvwjKvbv :The book is with my younger brother.

8.        ciciB : With these word (G K_v ¸‡jv ï‡b ), Urmi went a way.

 With such a remark (gšÍe¨), she left the place crying.

“WITHIN”

Awbw`©ó mg‡qi g‡a¨ eySv‡Z : He’ll come with in a week. -†m GK mßv‡ni g‡a¨ Avm‡e|

A‡Kvb ¯’v‡bi g‡a¨ eySv‡Z : The ring is within the safe. (wm›`yK)

“ON”

1.        w¯’wZkxj e¯‘i †¶‡Î Dc‡i A‡_© : The book is on the table. -eBwU †Uwe‡ji Dci|

2.        ev‡ii Av‡M : He will come on Sunday-wZwb †iveev‡i Avm‡eb|

3.        KwgwUi Av‡M : He is on the committe. -wZwb KwgwU‡Z Av‡Qb|

4.        cv‡q nvUv A‡_© : I came on foot-Avwg cv‡q †nu‡U G‡mwQjvg| (on foot-cv‡q nvuUv)

5.        †L‡q evPv A‡_© :-Avgiv We live on rice.-Avgiv fvZ‡L‡q evuwP|   ( Live on-‡L‡q evuPv)

6.        Mv‡Q msjMœ A‡_© : The birds are on the tree -cvwL ¸‡jv Mv‡Q Av‡Q|

7.        Dci A‡_© : We were on the way-Avgiv iv¯—vq wQjvg|

“FROM”

A Ac`vb KviK †evSv‡Z n‡Z/†_‡K A‡_© :My brother has come from Dhaka.Avgvi fvB XvKv †_‡K G‡m‡Q|

     The manggo has fallen from that tree. -AvgwU HMvQ †_‡K c‡o‡Q|

 “TO”

AMšÍe¨ ¯’‡ji Av‡M To e‡m| Mš—e¨ ¯’vb cÖwZôvb,evRvi,gvV BZ¨vw` n‡j Ges G¸‡jv‡Z cÖwZwóZ Kv‡R †M‡j to Ges Ab¨ Kv‡R †M‡j to the  e‡m |        I am going to school.-Avwg ¯‹z‡j hvw”Q| 

Father is going to the school,-evev ¯‹z‡j hv‡”Qb|(evev ¯‹z‡j co‡Z hvb bv)|

I’ll go to market/ to the market-Avwg evRv‡i hve|

He is going to field.-‡m gv‡V hv‡”Q|

A Ab¨vb¨ MšÍe¨¯’v‡bi Av‡M to e‡m : I will go to Dhaka-Avwg XvKv hve|

Home, abroad, here, there Gi c~‡e© Ges reach– verb Gi c‡i to e‡m bv :

I’ll go home.-Avwg evwo hve| I’ll go abroad.-Avwg we‡`k hve|

I’ll go there.-Avwg †mLv‡b hve|  I will reach the station.Avwg †ók‡b †cŠQe|

“INTO”

A Ae¯’vb‡i cwieZ©b †evSv‡Z :         Father came into the room-AveŸv N‡i Avm‡jb|

  The man went into the forest - †jvKwU e‡b †Mj|

  The book fell into the well -eBwU K~‡c coj|

Ae¯’vi cwieZ©b n‡j :               Water changed into ice. (eid)

A A‡bK †¶‡Î “into/in side” In cwie‡Z© e¨eüZ nq|

he went in (into) the class room-‡m †kªYx K‡¶ †Mj|

He is in (in side ) the classroom (into nq evwni †_‡K †M‡j Avi Inside nq wfZ‡i Ae¯’vb eySv‡j|)

“THROUGH”

A ‡Kvb wKQyi ga¨ w`‡q eySv‡Z : Karim looks through the window-Kwig Rvbvjv w`‡q ZvKvq|

“BETWEEN”

A `yB R‡bi g‡a¨ eySv‡Z-Divide the pens between the two boys-Kjg ¸‡jv evjK `yÕwUi g‡a¨ fvM K‡i `vI|

“AMONG”

A `yB‡qi †ewki g‡a¨ †evSv‡j-Distribute the pens among the five boys.

“BEHIND”

A wcQb A‡_© :The cat is behind the well-weovjwU †`Iqv‡ji wcQ‡b|

 The market is behind the school-evRviwU ¯‹z‡ji wcQ‡b|

“UNDER”

A eq‡mi †¶‡Î Kg A‡_© : He is under ten-Zvi eqm `k eQ‡ii Kg|

A Aaxb A‡_© : Masud works under him-gvmy` Zvi Aax‡b KvR K‡i|

A bx‡P A‡_© : We are sitting under a tree- Avgiv Mv‡Qi bx‡P e‡m AvwQ|

 “FOR”

    A Rb¨ A‡_© : Wait for me- Avgvi Rb¨ A‡c¶v Ki|

“OVER”

A ¯úk© bv K‡i Dci w`‡q AwZµg Kiv †evSv‡Z : The bird was flying over his head- cvwLwU Zvi gv_vi Dci w`‡q  DowQj|

A Pvcv cov A‡_© :He ran over the car-†m MvwowUi wb‡P Pvcv coj|(GwU Group Verb)

“ABOVE”

   A  ¯úk© bv K‡i eivei Dci †evSv‡Z : Hold the umbella above his head - QvZvwU Zvi gv_vi Dci ai|

“UPON”

  A MwZkxj Ae¯’vq ¯úk© K‡i Dc‡i †evSv‡Z:The load is upon his head-†evSvwU Zvi gv_vi Dci|

“ALONG”

 A iv¯Ív w`‡q †evSv‡Z : You’re going along this road-Zzwg G iv¯Ív w`‡q hv”Q|

“DURING”

 A PjvKv‡j †evSv‡Z : We should off our mobiles during the class – Avgv‡`i DwPZ K¬vm PjvKv‡j †gvevBj eÜ ivLv|

“ABOUT”

A wel‡q : I know every thing about him - Avwg Zvi m¤^‡Ü me wKQyRvwb|

A Pviw`‡K : I wrapped a piece of cloth about my finger-Avwg Avgvi Av½y‡ji Pvicv‡k GK LÛ Kvco Rovjvg|(about=around)

A cÖvq :This stick is about six inches long.

A Dcj‡¶ : She came to our house about that matter-†m †mB NUbv Dcj‡¶ Avgv‡`i evwo‡Z G‡mwQj|

“OUT SIDE / OUT OF

‡Kvb wbw`©ó ¯’vb †_‡K †ei n‡q G‡m †Kvi KvR N‡U Giƒc eySv‡j Out of e‡m| Avi †Kvb KvR wbw`ó ¯’v‡bi evB‡i NU‡Q Giƒc eySv‡j out sidee‡m|

The ball went out of the playground- ejwU gv‡Vi evB‡i †M‡j|

Urmi came out of the kitchen.

Outside the room, We saw a snake- KvgivwUi evB‡i Avgiv GKwU mvc †`Ljvg|

“OF”

A D™¢yZ, gvwjKvbv, DcKiY, Awfbœ m¤ú©K, welq, KviY, ÔÔGi A‡_© Ó BZ¨vw`i †¶‡Î of e‡m|

He came of a good family. This pen is of my sister’s.

The house is built of brick. City of Dhaka ( XvKv kni ).

The house of Rana a is beautiful. I know nothing of (about) it.

Appropriate Prepositions

 

Bs‡iwR‡Z GKB k‡ãi m‡½ wfbœ wfbœ Prepositions e¨eüZ n‡q wfbœ wfbœ A_© cÖKvk K‡i| Avevi GKB A_© cÖKvk Kivi Rb¨ wewfbœ e³v wewfbœ Prepositions cÖ‡qvM K‡i Ges G‡Z fyj-åvwšÍi D™¢e N‡U| †m Rb¨ cÖ_vMZfv‡e †Kvb k‡ãi m‡½ †Kvb A‡_© †Kvb Prepositions  e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e Zv Usage (e¨envi wewa) Gi g‡a¨ w¯’ixK…Z n‡q Av‡Q|‡m ¸‡jv‡K Appropriate Prepositions ejv nq| GB eB‡qi Parts of speech Aa¨v‡q  Prepositions Gi e¨envi-wewa Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| wb‡¤œ Appropriate Prepositions-Gi e¨vcK I we¯Í…Z e¨envi †`wL‡q wKQy Sentence MVb K‡i †`qv njt

A

 

Abide by (‡g‡b Pjv ): The student must abide by the rules of discipline.

Abide with (m‡½ _vKv ): Allah abide with everybody.

Abide in (evm Kiv ): Jesmin abide in Dhaka with her husband.

Abound in (cÖvPzh©c~Y© nIqv ) Fish abound in the ‘haors’ and ‘beels’ of Bangladesh.

Abound with (†P‡q _vKv ): The ‘haors’ and ‘beels’ of Bangladesh abound with fishes.

Abhorrence of (N„Yv) : Everyone should have an abhorrence of bribery.

Abhorrent to(N„Y¨) :Whine is abhorrent to me.

Absent from (Abycw¯’Z _vKv ) : I was absent from the meeting.

Absorbed in (gMœ) : He is absorbed in prayer.

Abstain from (weiZ _vKv): Everyone should abstain from smoking.

Accuse of (Awfhy³ nIqv) : The ‘mastan’ was accused of robbery.

Acquainted with(cwiwPZ _vKv) : I am not acquainted with the M.P. of this area.

Access to (cÖ‡ekvwaKvi) : You have no access to the Headmaster.

Acceptable to (MÖnY‡hvM¨) : This statement is not acceptable to me.

According to (Abymv‡i) : he did it according to your order.

Account for (KviY `kv©‡bv) :You should account for your disobedience.

Accountable to (`vqx _vKv) : He is not accountable to anyone.

Accustomed to (Af¨¯Í) : I am not accustomed to this fashion.

Accompanied with / by (m‡½) : He came here accompanied with / by his friend.

Adapt for (Dc‡hvMx K‡i †bqv) : This book has been adapted for the children.

Adept in (`¶) : He is adept in writing.

Adopt to (Lvc LvIqv‡bv) : Everybody must adopt himself to his environment.

Add to (e„w× Kiv ; †hvM Kiv) : The doll-dance in the exhibition added to our pleasure.

Addicted to (Lvivc wKQy‡Z Avm³) : Many students are now addicted to drug.

Adequate for (chv©ß) : The long given by the bank is not adequate for the project.

Adequate to (mgvbycvwZK): His salary is not adequate to the volume of work he has to do.

Adjacent to (msjMœ): The post office is adjacent to the hospital.

Admit of  (¯’vb Kiv, my‡hvMcÖvß nIqv): His offence  admit of  no explanation.

Admit to (fwZ© Kiv): The boy was admit to class VIII.

Admit into (cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z †`qv): Only the selected persons were admitting into the theatre.

Adorn with (mw¾Z Kiv):Adorn the car with flowers.

Afraid of (fxz): An honest man is not afraid of anybody.

Affection for (‡mœn): She has a great affection for me.

Affectionate to (‡mœnkxj): He is affectionate to me.

Agree with, on, to (GKgZ nIqv): My father agreed with me on this point,

        but he did not agree to my proposal to set up a school.

Aim at (AvNvZ Kivi Rb¨ j¶¨ w¯’i Kiv): The hunter ailed at the time.

Alarm at, by, for (kw¯‹Z nIqv): I was not alarmed at / by the news,

    but I was alarmed for their safety.

Alive to (RvMÖZ, m‡PZb): We must be alive to the dangers ahead.

Alive with (c~Y©): The pond is alive with fish.

Allot to (eivÏ Kiv) :A seat in the hostel was allot to Suhel.

Aloof from (`~‡i _vKv): Hasan remains aloof from me.

Amazed at (Avðhv©wš^Z nIqv): Everybody was Amazed at the conduct of the student leader.

Ambition for (D”Pkv•¶v): The prince has no ambition for the throne.

Ambitions of (D”Pkv•¶x): The leader was not ambition of power.

Amount to (mgcwigvY nIqv): His scholarship money is amount to TK 5,000.00 only.

Amused at, by, with (Avb›` `vb Kiv): Everybody was amused at / by /with his cartoon.

Angry with (µ× nIqv): The teacher was very angry with the students.

Annoyed with, for (wei³ nIqv): The officer was annoyed with the clerk for being late.

Answer for (Revew`wn Kiv):Everybody will have to answer for his misdeeds.

Anxious about, for (DwØMœ): karim is anxious about his father’s health.

 karim is anxious for getting a job.

Angry at (e¨w³ Qvov Ab¨wKQyi cÖwZ ivMvwš^Z): I am angry at his conduct.

Annoyed with (e¨w³i mv‡_ wei³ nIqv): I am annoyed with him.

Annoyed at (e¨w³ Qvov Ab¨wKQyi cÖwZ wei³): They were annoyed at his rough behaviour.

Authority on (we‡‡klÁ cwÊZ): Dr. Ghani was an authority on soil science.

Apologize to, for (¶gv cÖv_©bv Kiv ; `ytLmn ÎæwU ¯^xKvi Kiv):

The student apologize to, for the  Principal for adopting unfair means in the examination.

Appeal to, for (mwbe©Ü Av‡e`b Kiv): The  flood affected people appealed to the president for help.

Appetite for (¶zav): The patient has no appetite for food.

Apply to, or (Av‡e`b Kiv): Ruma applied to the Principal for free student ship.

Appoint to (wbhy³ Kiv / nIqv): Tn able man has been appoint to the post of Headmaster.

Aptitude for (cÖeYZv): He has no aptitude for public service.

Appropriate to (‡hvM¨): His answer is appropriate to the question.

Appear at / in (Dcw¯’Z nIqv): I should appear at / in the examination.

Apart from (`~‡i): They live apart from each other.

Arrange for (e¨e¯’v Kiv): We have arranged everything for the proposed picnic.

Arrive at (Dcw¯’Z nIqv; †cŠQvb): The trains arrive at Dhaka station on time.

Argue with (K_v KvUvKvwU Kiv): They always argue with me.

Ashamed of (jw¾Z): Mukta was ashamed of her wrong-doing.

Associate with, in (RwoZ nIqv): This man was associated with the ‘mastans’ in hijacking.

Assure of (Av¯^^vm †`qv~): I can assure you of the Principal’s honesty.

Astonished at (we¯§q-wenŸj nIqv): We were astonished at his unexpected success.

Assent to (m¤§wZ †`qv): The President has assented to the bill.

Ask for (PvIqv): Do not ask for any help.

Attach to (mshy³ Kiv): All certificates were attached to the application.

Attain to (jvf Kiv): He will not attain to his objective so soon.

Attest to (cÖZ¨qb Kiv): I like to attest to your ability.

Attend to (g‡bv‡hvM †`qv): Please attend to my advice.

Attend on / upon (‡mev Kiv): We should attend on / upon the ailing patient.

Attention to (g‡bv‡hvM): He has no attention to his duties.

Attentive to (g‡bv‡hvMx): He is attentive to his studies.

Attacked with (AvµvšÍ): He is attacked with malaria.

Attacked by (AvµvšÍ e¨w³evPK): He has been attacked by a gang of robbers.

Avail of (mبenvi): I shall avail myself of the first trip to Dhaka tomorrow.

Aware of (AeMZ): I am not aware of his bouts.

Agree with (e¨w³i mv‡_ GKgZ nIqv): I agree with you.

Agree to (e¨w³ Qvov Ab¨wKQyi mv‡_ m¤§Z nIqv): We cannot agree to your proposal.

Akin to (mgRvZxq): These are akin to one another.

B

   

Bar to (evav): Poverty is no bar to honesty.

Bare of (Abve„Z, ¯^í-m¾v): The frees of this forest are bare of leaves.

Bark at (†ND †ND Kiv): The dog is barking at the old woman.

Based on (cÖwZôvZ, wfwËK  ): His information is not based on correct data.

Bask in (†iv` †cvnvb  ): The boys were basking in the sun.

Behave towards (e¨envi Kiv  ): The students behaved objectionably towards the Principal.

Beg for (Aby‡iva Kiv  ): Subuj begged the superintendent for a seat in the hostel.

Believe in (wek¦vm ¯’vcb Kiv): The Muslim believe in the oneness of Allah.

Belong to ( gvwjKvb fy³ nIqv): This book does not belong to me.

Beneficial to (DcKvix): Morning breeze is beneficial to health.

Bent on (Db¥yL, wbweógbv): Mr. khan is bent on obtaining a foreign degree.

Bestow on / upon (cÖ`vb Kiv): We should be grateful to Allah for the blessings bestowed on /upon us.

Beware of (mvavb nIqv): When in a crowd one should beware  of pickpocket.

Beat about (nvZov‡bv): Do not beat about the bush.

Blame for (`vqx Kiv): People blame the whole education system for large scale

 failure of students in examination.

Blind to (D‡c¶v Kiv, bv †`Lv): Nowadays many guardians are blind to the misdeeds of their children.

Blind in (AÜ): The beggar is blind in one eye.

Boast of (Me© Kiv): A good student does not boast of his brilliant success.

Born of (Rb¥MÖnY Kiv): Kazi Nazrul Islam was born of a poor family.

Bound for (cÖ¯‘Z _vK): The train at the platform is bound for khulna.

Blessed with (Avkxev©`cyó): The old woman is blessed with a son.

Burst into (‡d‡U cov): He burst into tears.

Busy with (e¨¯Í _vKv): Shahin is now busy with home task.

C

 

Careful of (hZœkxj _vKv ): Momena is careful of her ornaments.

Capable of (m¶g ): He is capable of doing it.

Care for (MÖvn¨ Kiv): I do not care for you.

Care of (hZœ †bqv): You should take care of your health.

Call on (KviI mv‡_ †`Lv Kiv ): I called on him in his office.

Call in (WvwKqv Avbv ): They called in a doctor.

Call for (PvIqv): I will call for his explanation.

Careful of (mZK©): He is very careful of his fault.

Careless of (AmZK© ): Do not be careless of your health.

Catch at (aiv): A drowning man catches at a straw.

Cause of (KviY): Industry is the cause of your success.

Caution against (mveavb ): Take all caution against danger.

Close to (wbK‡U): Our college is close to the Municipal office.

Comment on (gš—e¨ Kiv): The critics commend favorably on his poems.

Compete with, for (cÖ‡qvwMZv Kiv): Sumona competed with Apu for the first prize in Islamic songeet.

Complain to, against, of (bvwjk Kiv, K‡ói K_v ejv): Reba complained to the Headmistress against Moniea.

      The patient complained of a pain in his backbone.

Comply with (†g‡b †bqv): The clerks must comply with the orders of their officer.

Composed of (ˆZwi): This medicine is composed of vitamins and minerals.

Confer on (cÖ`vb Kiv ): Degrees are conferred on the students at the convocation ceremony.

Confident of (wbwðZ): I am confident of of his success.

Confine to (Ave× _vKv ) : Rokeya was confined to bed with fever for a week.

Congratulate on (Awfb›`b Rvbv‡bv): his friends congratulated him on his brilliant success.

Conscious of (m‡PZb): I am conscious of my deficiencies.

Consent to (gZ †`qv): My father did not consent to the proposal of my sister’s marriage.

Consist of (MwVZ nIqv): The committee consists of ten members.

Consult with, on / about : I shall consult with the principal on / about you proposal.

Contrary to ( wecixZ /cwicš’x): Students should not act contrary to the rules of discipline.

Convict of (†`vlx mve¨¯Í nIqv): The accused person was convicted of murder.

Cure of, for (†ivMgy³ nq): This man was cured of tuberculosis, This drug is a cure for typhoid.

Certain of (wbwðZ): Kamal is certain of his success.

Charge with (Awf‡hvM): He is charged with misconduct.

Combine into (hy³ Kiv): Combine the sticks into a bundle.

Compare to (Zzjbv Kiv-wfbœ RvZx‡qi g‡a¨): the star is compared to the lamp.

Commit to (gyL¯’ Kiv): Commit this poem to memory.

Compensate for (¶wZc~iY Kiv ): I will compensate him for the loss.

Compete with (cÖwZ‡hvwMZv Kiv): He does not like to compete with you.

Compassion for (mnvbyfywZ Kiv): Have you any compassion for may weak nervier?

Competent for (†hvM¨  ): He is not competent for the post.

Concerned with (RwoZ): She was concerned with such things.

Concentrate on (†K›`ªfyZ KivS): Try to concentrate your attention on your studies.

Conceal from (jyKv‡bv  ): Do not conceal anything from me.

Consistent with (mvgÄm¨c~Y©): Your action is not consistent with your word.

Control over (wbqš¿Y ): He has no control over his students.

Count for (MY¨ ev we‡ewPZ nIqv ): His advice counts for nothing.

Count upon (wbf©i Kiv ): He always counts upon your help for this work.

Consent to (gZ †`qv): The prime Minster consented to the proposal.

Cope with (mvgjv‡bv ev †c‡i IVv): They cannot cope with the situation.

Confidence in (wek¦vm): I have confidence in him.

Confined in, to (Ave×): He is confined in his house. He is confined to bed.

Congenial to (Dc‡hvMx ): The atmosphere is congenial to studies.

Content with (myLx ev Z…ß):I am contented with this.

Convenient to (myweavRbK): The work is convenient to you.

Convert to (`xw¶Z ): Kelvin is converted to Islam.

Convince of (wek¦vm nIqv ): I am convince of his efficiency.

Covetous of (†jvfx nIqv): He is covetous of money.

Crave for (AvKv•¶v Kiv): Everyone crave for wealth.

D

 

  

 

Damage to ( ¶wZ ): The flood caused much damage to cops.

Deaf to, of, in (bv †kvbv, ewai nIqv ): The boy is deaf to his father’s advice.

            This man is def of / in one car.

Deal in, with, out (e¨emv Kiv, e¨envi Kiv, e›UY Kiv): The man deals in old clothes. He does not know

       how to deal with a gentleman. The D.C. dealt out the relief materials to the flood affected people.

Decide upon (wm×všÍ Kiv ): We have not yet decided upon our next course of action.

Delighted at / with (Avbw›`Z nIqv): Rebecca was delighted at / with her husband’s promotion.

Depend on / upon (wbf©i Kiv ): Nowadays the students depend on / upon guide book.

Deprived of (wewÂZ): He was deprived of his provident fund benefit owing to his misconduct.

Desire for (Kvgbv): He has no desire for riches.

Devote to (wb‡qvwRZ Kiv ): Students should devote sufficient time to their studies.

Deal with (e¨envi ev AvPiY Kiv): Navid deals well the customers.

Debar from (wewÂZ nIqv ): He is debarred from getting a job.

Dedicate to (DrmM© Kiv ): His life is dedicated to the welfare of the country.

Detrimental to (AcKvix): smoking is detrimental to health.

Devoted to (g‡bv‡hvMx): He is devoted to Islamic songeet.

Defend against (i¶v Kiv ): We will defend our country against all enemies.

Dependent on (wbf©ikxj):Abid is dependent on his father.

Devoid of (ewR©Z ): He is devoid of common sense.

Despair of (wbivk nIqv) : Do not despair of further improvement.

Die of, for, from (gviv hvIqv   ): He died of cholera. He died for his country. He died for his country. He died from an injury.

Differ from, on, with (wfbœiƒc nIqv  ): This book differs from that. I differ with him on this point.

A jackal does not differ from a dog in shape and size.

Disagree with, on (wfbœ gZ †cvlY Kiv   ): I disagree with him on this point

Disgrace to (j¾vi KviY   ) :Tom is a Disgrace to hisfamily.

Disgusted with, by or at (wei³ nIqv): The teacher was disgusted with Robi.

 His father was disgusted by / at his conduct.

Dislike of / for  (AcQ›`): I have a dislike for (of) sweetmeats.

Distinct from (wfbœ iKg): His children are distinct from one another.

Dispose of (cwiZ¨vM Kiv): My father disposes of his land property.

Disappointed of (nZvk nIqv): He is disappointed of all hopes.

Die of (†iv‡M giv): Many people died of cholera.

Die by (`yN©Ubv ev AcNv‡Z giv ): He died by a road accident.

Die for (AvZ¥Z¨vM Kiv ): Our leader died for his country.

Divide into (fvM Kiv ): Divide the people into three groups.

Due to (Kvi‡Y ): His absence is due to illness.

Dull at (AcUz/KvuPv): You are dull at Mathematics.

Dwell in (evm Kiv  ) He dwells in a pucca house.

	E

 

 Eager for, about ( GKvMÖ) The students of this school are eager for knowledge.

           The Headmaster is eager about the success of his students.

Eligible for ( g‡bvbxZ nIqvi ‡hvM¨): None but the graduates are eligible for this post.

Engaged in, with, to ( e¨¯Í; evM`Ëv ) : The principal is engaged in conversation with a guardian.

 Motina was engaged to an executive officer.

Endear to ( wcÖq nIqv ): He has endeared himself to all.

Entrusted to (b¨¯Í nIqv ): He is entrusted with the responsibility.

Entrusted to (Kv‡iv Dci b¨v¯— Kiv ): This responsibility was entrusted to the Deputy Secretary.

Enlist in (ZvwjKvfy³ nIqv ): I was enlisted in the committee.

Enter into (cÖ‡ek Kiv ): He entered into the room in the darkness.

Envious of (Clv©wš^Z Kiv ): He is envious of my reputation.

Equal in, with, to (mgvb): A Deputy Commissioner is equal in rank with a Deputy Secretary.

                                          Three times three is equal to nine.

Essential to (AZ¨vek¨K ): Balanced food is essential to good health.

Exchange for, with (wewbgq Kiv ): I want to Exchanges my book for your notes.

`                    Mr. Rahman always Exchanges ideas with his colleagues.

Equal in, with (mgZzj-e¨w³evPK ): Mr.Bose is Equal in rank with Mr. Chowdhury.

Excuse for (Ae¨vnwZ †`qv ): He was excused for coming late.

Exempt from (†invB †`qv ): He was exempted from the fine.

	F

 

Faithful to ( wek¦¯Í ): The dog is very faithful to its master.

Familiar with (Ávbm¤úbœ  ): The physician is very familiar with the causes of cancer.

Famous for (weL¨vZ): Mr. Haque is famous for his wisdom.

Faith in (wek¦vm  ): He has no faith in Allah.But everyone should have faith in Him.

Familiar to (mycwiwPZ): Jashim is familiar to me.

Feed on (†L‡q euvPv ): The cow feed on grass.

Fight with, for, against (msMÖvgKiv): Our friends fought with us against our enemies for the

                                                      liberation of our country.

Fit for (†hvM¨  ): Sharifa is not yet fit for marriage.

Fond of (AbyivMx): Children are found of sweets.

Free from, of (gy³): These articles are not free from customs duty. Medicines were

 distributed free of cost.

Full of (cwic~Y©): Our rivers are full of fish.

G

 

Get on ( Pvwj‡q hvIqv ):Get on with your studies.

Get over (AwZµg Kiv ): He tried heart and soul to get over the difficulties.

Gifted with (f~wlZ ):Sumita was gifted with a talent for Islamic songeet.

Good for, at (fvj): This man is good for nothing .Sabida is good at  Mathematics.

Grateful to (K…ZÁ): We should be grateful to our teachers.

Greed for (†jvf ):He has an uncommon greed for wealth.

Guard from / against (i¶v Kiv ): My parents always guard me from / against bed people.

Guess at (Abygvb ): It is difficult to guess at the age of a woman.

Guilty of (†`vlx ): The convict was guilty of murder.

Grasp at (AvuKwo‡q aiv): He grasped at the point.

	H

 

Hanker after  (†jvf Kiv  ): He hankers after money.

Hatred for (N„Yv  ): I have no hatred for anyone.

Hard of (Kv‡b Lv‡Uv ev Kg ïbv  ):Ratan is hard of hearing.

Heir of (DËivwaKvix): He is the heir of his father.

Heir to (DËivwaKvi cvIqv   ): He is an heir to a vast property.

Hope for (Avkv Kiv   ): Let us hope for the best.

Hostile to (we‡ivax ev weiƒc fvevcbœ  ) : None is hostile to you.

Hunger for (AvKv•¶v): The principal has a great hunger for knowledge.

	I

 

Identical with (GKB ai‡bi ):This event is identical with that one.

Ignorant of (AÁ,Awew`Z ): I was ignorant of his miseries.

Indebted to (FYx): We are indebted to the great leaders of the country for their service.

Informed of (AewnZ): I was not informed of your misfortune.

Innocent of (wb‡`©k   ): The maid servant was proved innocent of the alleged theft.

Inquire of, about, into, after (AbymÜ&b Kiv   ): Soma inquired of me about my father’s health.

           The police will inquire into the cause of fire. Rehana inquired after her friends.

Invite-to (wbgš¿Y Kiv   ): Only the elite will be invited to the meeting.

Ill with (Amy¯’): He is ill with fever.

Impose on / upon (Pvwc‡q †`qv ): Do not impose on/ upon any one.

Indifferent to (D`vmxb): Everybody is indifferent to our problem.

Indulge in (cÖkªq †`qv ): You should not indulge in idleness.

Insist on (wR` Kiv): He insisted on my going to market.

Involved in (RwoZ): He is involved in the plot.

Inferior to (nxb  ): He is inferior to his neighbor.

irrespective of (wbwe©‡k‡l): All were invited irrespective of colour, class and creed.

J

 

Jealous of (Clv©civqY ): Women are generally jealous of one another.

Junior to (wbgœc`¯’  ): Mr. karim is junior to me in service.

Justice to (b¨vq wePvi  ): We should do justice to everybody.

K

 

Key of, to (Pvwi, mgvav‡bi Dcvq ): This is the key of the almirah. I have found out the key to the soluttion of this problem.

Knock at (av°v †`qv): Do not knock at door.

	L

 

Lack of (Afve ): He has no lack friends.

Lacking in (Afvi Av‡Q Ggb): He is lacking in courage.

Lame of (†Lvov): Jamal is lame of one leg.

Lament for (wejvc Kiv ): She lamented for her child.

Laugh at (we`ªc Kiv  ):You should not laugh at the poor.

Lay by (mÂq Kiv): Lay by something for the rainy day.

Learn by (gyL¯’ Kiv ): Learn the peom by heart.

Listen to (†kvbv  ): Please listen to what I say.

Live on (†L‡q evuPv ): Most of the animal live on grass.

Live in (evm Kiv ): He lives in Dhaka.

Live at (†QvU ¯’v‡b evm Kiv ): I lived at Noapara in khulna.

Live beyond (evPvu): He lives beyond his means.

Liking for (iæwP): I have no liking for sour things.

Limit to (mxgv): There is no limit to the demands of the laborers.

Loyal to (AbyMZ): Every citizen must be loyal to the state.

Look after (†`Lv¸bv Kiv ): He looks after me.

Look for (†LvuRv ): I was looking for the lost pen.

Look into (AbymÜvb Kiv ): I am looking into the matter.

Look over (cix¶v Kiv ): He was looking over the answer scripts.

Long for (Kvgbv Kiv) : He longed for name and fame.

Lost in (gMœ): Nishat is lost in meditation.

	M

 

Married to (weevwnZ  ): Jhuma was married to a civil servant.

Made of  (ˆZwi  ): This necklace is made of gold.

Match for (cÖwZØ›Øx  ): He is no match for me.

Meet with (nVvr†Kvb wKQy nIqv   ): Yesterday I met with an accident.

Mourn for (wejvc Kiv  ): Don’t mourn for the lost chance.

Mourn for / over (†kvK Kiv): It is useless to mourn For / over the dead.

N

Name after (bvgKiY Kiv  ) : This hostel is named after his father.

Necessary to, for (cÖ‡qvRbxq  ) : Balanced food is necessary to good health .

     It is not necessary for him  to enter into service.

Need for, of (cÖ‡qvRb  ): There is need for good teachers. I do not feel any need of wealth.

Neglect of (Ae‡njv  ):The typist was asked to explain the cause of his neglect of duty.

Noted for (weL¨vZ): She is noted for good acting.

	O

 

Object to (cÖwZev` Kiv  ): Many students objected to the remarks of the principal.

Oblige to (evwaZ nIqv ev Kiv ): I am obliged to him for his co-operation.

Object to (AvcwË Kiv ): He objected to my proposal.

Occupied with  (e¨¯Í ): He is occupied with heavy work.

Open to (Db¥y³ ): His activities are open to the public view.

Opportunity for, of (my‡hvM ) I have no opportunity for becoming rice.          

 I was looking for an opportunity of writing to you.

Opposed to (we‡ivax  ): My parents are opposed to my starting a business.

Opposite to (mvg‡b   ): Our college is opposite to the hospital.

Originate from (DrcwË nIqv): The technique originated from me.

Overcome by (civfyZ nIqv  ) : I was overcome by my opposition.

Overwhelmed with (Awff~Z  ): We were Overwhelmed with joy.

Owe to (FYx _vKv): I owe all to him.

	P

 

Parallel to (mgvšÍivj  ): The metalled road runs parallel to the railway.

Part with, from (wew”Qbœ nIqv  ): I cannot part with this Grammar book.

I parted parted from my School friends long ago.

Partial to (c¶cvZ  ): The examiner should not be partial to any candidate.

Pay for (g~j¨ †`qv  ): They have to pay for the misdeeds.

Peculiar to (wbR¯^  ): This style of hand writing is peculiar to hasan.

Pity for (KiƒYv, mge¨_v  ): I feel pity for this helpless woman.

Play at (†Ljv ): I do not play at cards.

Play on (evRv‡bv ): they are playing on the piano.

Plead for (IKvjZx Kiv ): Plead for justice.

Pleased with (mš‘ó ): Mr. Raihan is pleased with all his employees.

Pleasure in, of (Avb›`  ): I find pleasure in reading English. May I have the pleasure of your company?

Polite in, to (gvwR©Z): We must be polite in our dealings. One should be polite to others.

Popular with (RbwcÖq ): The Principal is very popular with the students.

Prefer to (AwaK cQ›` Kiv ): I prefer coffee to tea?

Prepare for, against (ˆZwi ): We are prepared for the examination.

The policemen are quite prepared against the smugglers.

Present to, with (Dcnvi †`qv): I presented a photo-album to my friend.

 I presented my friend with a photo-album.

Preside over (mfvcwZZ¡ Kiv ): In absence of the chairman, the Vice-chairman presided over the meeting.

Prevent from (evav †`qv  ): The teachers prevented the students from joining the procession.

Pride in (Me© Abyfe Kiv): Shelley takes pride in her beauty.

Promote to ( c‡`vbœwZ Kiv ): Mrs.Chowdhury has been promoted to the post of the principal.

Provide for, with, against (†`Iqv  ): My uncle provided me with money.

The hospital does not provide food for the patients.

Bangladesh must provide against shortage of food.

Pride on (Me© Kiv   ): None should pride on his wealth and honour.

Proud of (Mwe©Z  ): He is proud of high birth.

Provide for (e‡›`ve¯Í Kiv  ): We provided for our children.

Provide with (†hvMvb †`qv   ): We should be provided with food and shelter.

Proportionate to (AvbycvwZK): Punishment should be Proportionate to offence.

Preferable to  (AwaK cQ›`‡hvM¨   ): To me death is preferable to dishonor.

Pretend to (fvb Kiv   ): He does not pretend to be honest.

	Q

 

Qualified for (†hvM¨ cÖwZcbœ nIqv  ): No candidate was properly qualified for the post.

Quarrel with (SNov Kiv  ): Some boys quarrelled with one another.

Quarrel over (†Kvb wel‡q SNov Kiv  ): Do not quarrel over this trifling matter.

Quick at (PuUc‡U): A cashier must be quick at figures.

	R

 

Recover from (my¯’ nIqv; c~e© Ae¯’vq wd‡i Avmv ):The patient has not yet recovered from his illness.

Refer to (wm×v‡šÍi Rb¨ †cÖiY Kiv ): The matter was referred to the Chairman for decision.

Regard for (m¤§vb ): Good boy have great regard for their teachers.

Relieve of (gy³ Kiv ): Panna will relieve you of your burden.

Rely on (wbf©i Kiv ): We should not rely on a lazy man.

Remind of (¯§iY Kwi‡q †`qv  ): He reminded me of his request to lend him some money.

Replace by / with (e`‡j †bqv ): The old sofa-set replaced by / with a new one.

Result in, from (dj¯^iƒc ) : His negligence resulted in his failure.

 His prosperity resulted from his hard work.

Retire from (Aemi MÖnY Kiv ): His father will retire from service next year.

Revenge on / upon (cÖwZ‡kva MÖnY Kiv): Sharifa will revenge herself on Panna for cheating.

Reward with (cyi¯‹…Z Kiv ): Reshma was rewarded with a wrist watch for her good work.

Rich in (mg„×): Bangladesh is rich in natural resources.

Rule over (kvmb Kiv ): In the absence of the parliament, the president rules over the country.

Rejoice at / in (Avb›` Kiv  ) Everybody rejoiced at / in his success.

Relevant to (cÖmw½K  ): Your answer is not relevant to my question.

Refrain from (weiZ ivLv ev _vKv): I refrained him from smoking.

Regret for (`ytL Kiv ): We regretted for his failure.

Remedy for (cÖwZKvi): There is no remedy for your misbehavior.

Relation with (m¤úK©): We have no relation with the culprit

Respond to (DËi †`qv ): Nobody responded to my call.

Render into (AbyZvc): Render the passage into Arabic.

Repent of (Abyev` Kiv ): Kamal repented of his past.

Repentances for (AbyZvc Kiv): He has repentances for the past.

Respect for (kª×v ): We have respect for them.

Rid of (gy³ †`qv): He will get rid of troubles soon.

Run after (cðv`vbymiY Kiv): Do not run after money.

Run over (Pvcv cov): The man was run over by a car.

	S

 

Sad at (`ytwLZ ): All his friends were very sad at his transfer from this place.

Satisfied with (mš‘ó  ): The authoress was highly satisfied with Jerry.

Sanguine of (wbwðZ ev Avkvwš^Z ): Be sanguine of your success.

Sentence to, for (`Ûv‡`k †`qv ): He was sentenced to death for murder.

Senior to (eq‡m eo ): He is senior to me.

Send for (†W‡K cvVvb): Send for a doctor immediately.

Search for (mÜvb Kiv ): The police searched the halls of residence for arms.

Shocked at (gvbwmK AvNvZcÖvß): Ruma was terribly shocked at the death of Suvra.

Short of  (Achv©ß): I am running short of money.

Side with (c¶ Aej¤^b Kiv): The Chairman sided with the powerful party.

Similar to (m`„k):My watch is similar to yours.

Sick of (K¬všÍ ): He is sick of this idle life.

Smile on / upon (AbyMÖn Kiv ): Fortune smiles on / upon the brave.

Stare at (PvIqv ev ZvKv ): He stares at me.

Stick at (`„pfv‡e†j‡M _vKv  ):We should always stick to our decisions.

Subject to (mv‡c‡¶) The man was appointed subject to the approval of the Chairman.

Substitute for (e`‡j †`qv ): This rule is substituted for that.

Suit for, to (†hvM¨  ): An irritable man is not suited for teaching.

The Chairman’s speech was not suited to the occasion.

Suitable for (Dc‡hvMx): Rehana will be highly suitable for this work.

Superior to (D”Pc`¯’): A Deputy Secretary is not superior to a Deputy Commissioner in rank.

Support of (Aej¤^b ): After his retirement his eldest son has become the chief support of his family.

Sure of (wbwðZ): We were sure of his brilliant success.

Surprised at (wew¯§Z): I was surprised at his conduct.

Succeed in (mvdj¨ jvf Kiv  ): He succeeded in life.

Suffer from (Kó cvIqv  ): He is suffering from fever.

Suspicious of (mw›`nvb): My brother is always suspicious of my sincerity.

Supplement to (m¤ú~iK ): This answer is a supplement to that letter.

Subsist on (†eu‡P _vKv): The poor subsist mainly on rice and pulses.

Sympathy for (mnvbyfywZ): We shoud have sympathy for the poor.

	T

 

Taste for (iæwP ): Salm has a taste for Islamic songeet.

Take after (m`„k nIqv ): He takes after his father.

Talk of / about / over (†Kvb wel‡q K_v ejv ): He is talking of / about / over the matter.

Talk to / with (K_v ejv ) He was talking to / with Mr. Rahman.

Think of / about (wPšÍv Kiv e¨w³i †¶‡Î ): Do not think of / about the past.

Think over (we‡ePbv Kiv-e¯‘i †¶‡Î ): You should think over the matter.

Thankful to (K…ZÁ): I am thankful to him for his help.

Thirst for (AvKv•¶v Kiv ): A wise man has no thirst for wealth

Tie to (evuav)  Ali tied the bull to a tree.

Tide over (AwZµg Kiv ): I want your help to tide over the difficulties.

Tired of (K¬vš—; wei³): I am tired of doing the same thing everyday.

Trade in, with, for (e¨emv Kiv  ): He trades in rod and cement, Bangladesh trades with many countries.

   Dr. Faustas traded his soul for magic power.

True to (wek¦¯Í  ): Everybody must be true to his word.

Tolerant of (mnbkxj):You are tolerant of opposition.

	U

 

Unite with (HK¨e× nIqv ): Be united with your brothers.

Used to (Af¨¯Í): The poor are used to hardship.

Useful to, for (DcKvix): This book is very useful to the students for their examination.

	V

 

Vary from (wfbœiƒc nIqv   ): This plan varies from man to man.

Verge on (wbK‡U ): He is no the verge of retirement.

Veiled in (Ave„Z ): the truth was veiled in mystery.

Vexed with, at (wei³): He was vexed with me at my behavior

Versed in (`¶): Mr. karim is well-versed in Islamic law.

Victim of (wkKvi): Habib was a victim of circumstances.

Void of (ewR©Z ev k~b¨): The boy is void of common sense.

	W

 

Wanting in ( Afvex, wenxb): the new employee is found wanting in common sense.

Warn of, against (mZK© Kiv  ): Kabir was sufficiently warned of the danger.

Father warned him against over-work.

Waste of (AcPq ): It is waste of money to continue this losing business.

Wait for (A‡c¶v Kiv ): We waited for him.

Warrant for (ciIqvbv) : There is a warrant for his arrest.

Want of (Afve): He is in want of money.

Watch over (bRi ivLv ): Watch over the situation.

Weak in / at (KvuPv) The boy is weak in / at mathematics.

Weary of (K¬všÍ): I am weary of hard work.

Wish for, to (B”Qv Kiv ): A poor  man like him cannot wish for a better house.

     Shamim wished a happy life to her friend.

Witness to (mv¶¨ ): Your certificate bears witness to his good character.

Worthy of (†hvM¨ ): His way of life is worthy of praise.

Wonder at (AevK nIqv  ): All wondered at the boy’s behavior

	Y

 

Yearn for, to (AvKv•¶v Kiv): They yearned to return to work.

Yield to (ek¨Zv / bwZ ¯^xKvi ): The Principal did not yield to the students pressure.

	Z

 

Zeal for (Drmvn): Mrs. karim has a great zeal for social work.

Zest for (AbyivM  ): I have a great zest for literature.

Use of some Group Verbs:

Act

Act upon ¶wZ Kiv Such hard work will act upon your health.

Act under   Av‡`k Abymv‡i KvR Kiv  The students acted under the order of the Headmaster.

Act on    cvjb Kiv  I acted on my father’s advice. 

Act upto Avkviƒc KvR Kiv  A son should act upto his father’s expectation.

Act for   Kv‡iv c‡¶ KvR Kiv  He acted for me during my absence.

Act against wec‡¶ KvR Kiv Please, don’t act against my interest.

Bear

Bear off cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq Rqjvf Kiv  kamal bore off a prize in the Annual sports.

Bear down `gb Kiv  He bore down all oppositions.

Bear up g‡bi †Rvi eRvq ivLv  He is bearing up well against all his misfortunes.

Bear in mind ¯§iY Kiv  We must bear in mind our real position.

Bear a hand mnvqZv Kiv All of us will bear a hand in your noble work.

Blow

Blow away Dwo‡q †bIqv         The strong wind blew away all dry leaves.                    

Blow over  e‡q hvIqv A gusty wind blew over the country.

Blow off  wbM©Z Kiv The car blows off black smoke.

Blow out wbfv‡bv  The wind out the lamp.

Blow up we‡ùvi‡bi mvnv‡h¨ Dwo‡q †`Iqv The enemy soldiers blew up a bridge.

Bring

 Bring about NUv‡bv He has brought about a change in the organization.

Bring down wb¤œgyLx Kiv The good harvest has brought down the prices of commodities.

Bring to light cÖKvwkZ nIqv The secret was brought to light at the end.      

Bring forth Drcv`b Kiv The timely rain brings forth good crops.

Bring out Qvwc‡q †ei Kiv The school magazine was brought out in time.

Bring up cÖwZcvjb Kiv I was brought up by my parents.

Break

Break down †f‡½ cov His health broke down under the pressure of work.

Break into†Kvb wKQy †f‡½ cÖ‡ek Kiv The robber broke into the house at midnight.

Break out cÖv`yfv©e nIqv  Cholera has broken out in our village.

Break up eÜ ev QywU nIqv  Our school breaks up everyday at4.30pm.

Break through †Rvi K‡i c_ Kiv Our soldiers broke though the enemy line.

Break away cvjvqb Kiv The prisoner broke away from the prison.

                                                                Call

Call up ¯§iY Kiv  I could not call up you name.

Call for PvIqv  I was called for an explanation by the Headmaster.

Call in †W‡K cvVv‡bv Please; call in a doctor at once.

Call on mv¶vZ Kiv Mr. Zaman called on me last evening.              

Call upon AvnŸvb Kiv I was called upon to see him immediately.

Call off ¯’vwMZ Kiv The strick was called off immediately.

Carry

Carry away ¯’vbvšÍwiZ Kiv The wounded person was carried away to the Hospital.

Carry away enb Kiv  Mary was carried away by the mighty current of the Dee.

Carry on Pvwj‡q hvIqv  Everybody should carry on his duties sincerely.

Carry out gvb¨ Kiv  I always try to carry out the orders of my parents.

Carry about mv‡_ wb‡q †eov‡bv Every mother carries about her little child wherever she goes.

Come

Come about NUv How did the accident come about?

Come across†`L‡Z cvIqv I came across a man in the street.

Come by cvIqv Now-a-days jobs are very difficult to come by.

Come down K‡g hvIqv Recently, the prices of things have come down.

Come of Rb¥ MÖnb Kiv Sher-E-Bangla came of a noble family.

Come off m¤úbœ nIqv My sister’s marriage ceremony will come off next Friday.

Come round Av‡ivM¨ jvf Kiv The patient will come round soon.

Come over cwieZ©i Avmv A change came over him after his son’s death.

                                                                Cut

Cut down Kgv‡bv  I have cut down my expenditure.

Cut down†K‡U †djv  The wood cutter cut down the tree with an axe.

Cut off wew”Qbœ Kiv  I will never cut off my relationship with my friends.

Cut up ggv©nZ nIqv  I was cut up by your bitter criticism.

Cut a sorry figure fvj K‡iwb The boy cut a sorry figure in the examination.

Fall

Fall away cZb NUv The Mughal power fell away after the death of Alamgir.

Fall back wbiærmvn bv nIqv Don’t fall back at your failure.

Fall back upon†kl Aej¤^b iƒ‡c MÖnb Kiv I have nothing to fall back upon after retirement.

Fall on or, upon Avµgb Kiv The lion fell on or, upon the lamb.

Fall through e¨_© nIqv The Project fell through for want of funds.

Fall a victim to wkKvi nIqv The man fell a victim to flattery.

Fall dawn c‡o hvIqv The boy fell dawn from the tree.

Get

Get at jvf Kiv  Try to get at the truth.

Get up mKv‡j DVv  I usually get up from bad early in the morning.

Get on hvbevn‡b DVv  Don’t try to get on a running bus?

Get on AMÖmi nIqv  How are you getting on with your studies?

Get over AwZµg Kiv  I have got over the difficulty.

Get on with mgvb Zv‡j Pjv We should get on with the changing circumstances.

                                                                Go

Go about Ny‡i †eov‡bv The boy is going about for nothing.

Go after cðvrcØveb Kiv We both are going after the same job.

Go against weiæ‡× hvIqv  I will not go against my father’s opinion.

Go by AZxZ nIqv Years have gone by since I met you last.

Go on Pvwj‡q hvIqv  He is going on well with his studies.

Go down wbgœMwZ nIqv  The prices of commodities are going down.

Go up DשMwZ nIqv  The prices of commodities are going up.

Go aside wfbœ c‡_ hvIqv  Don’t go aside from the path of honesty.

Go astray wec‡_ hvIqv The boy has gone astray.

Hang

Hang about †Nviv‡div Kiv You should not hang about all day long.

Hang by dvuwm †`Iqv The murderer was hanged by the neck.

Hang up Szwj‡q evLv  Hang up the picture on the wall.

Hang down gv_v wbPz Kiv  He hanged down his head for his misdeed.

Hang on wbf©i Kiv I do not like to hang on others.

                                      Hold

Hold back ‡Mvcb ivLv You need not hold back the secret from me.

Hold on AbywôZ nIqv  The function will be held on 15^th March.

Hold off `~‡i _vKv  Try to hold off from bad companions.

Hold up RvwM‡q ivLv  Hold up your spirits to reach the goal.

Hold up ¯’wMZ ivLv  His result was held up for adopting unfair means.

Hold over g~jZex ivLv The discussion was held over until the next day.

                                      Keep

Keep away `~‡i _vKv Everybody should try to keep away from evil company.           

Keep in _vKv I cannot keep in with you for a long time.

Keep up eRvq ivLv  I shall try to keep up the spirit of my family.

Keep up with mvgvb Zv‡j Pjv Try to keep up with the changing circumstances.

Keep to †j‡M _vKv Keep to your promise

Keep back †P‡c ivLv I never keep back anything from you.

                                                Lay

Lay aside wfbœ K‡i ivLv Everybody should lay aside something for his old age.

Lay before †ck Kiv He laid the facts before the Headmaster.

Lay by mÂq Kiv Lay by something for rainy days.

Lay down ï‡q cov  The baby laid down on the floor.

Lay out LvUv‡bv  He laid out a large amount of money in business.

Lay up with kh¨vkvqx nIqv  The boy was laid up with fever.

                                      Look

Look about Pvwiw`‡K ZvKv‡bv What are you looking about?

Look after †`Lvïbv Kiv There was none to look after the orphan.

Look for †LvuRv I am looking for my missing pen.

Look into Z`š— Kiv  The Headmaster asked the committee to look into the matter.

Look over cix¶v Kiv  The teacher is looking over the answer scripts.

Look up †Lvu‡R †ei Kiv  Look up the word in the dictionary.

Look upon MY¨Kiv  I look upon you as my own brother.

Look down upon N„Yv Kiv   The rich should not look down upon the poor.

                                      Make

Make afteraivi Rb¨ avweZ nIqv The police made after the thief.

Make for †Kvb w`‡K hvÎv ïiæ Kiv  It’s getting late, we’d better turn and make for home.

Make out eyS‡Z cviv I cannot make out what he says.

Make over n¯’všÍi Kiv He made over the charge to his successor.

Make up gbw¯’i Kiv I have made up my mind to avoid evil company.

Make from †Kvb wKQy †_‡K ˆZix nIqv Sweets are made from milk.

Make of †Kvb wKQy w`‡q ˆZix nIqv            The table is made of wood.

                                      Pass

Pass away P‡j hvIqv The old man passed away from this world yesterday.

Pass through AwZµg Kiv My days are passing though many problems.

Pass over D‡c¶v Kiv The examiner passed over this mistake.

Pass off AbywôZ nIqv The function was passed off smoothly.

Pass by D‡c¶v Kiv No one can pass-by so touching a sight!

                                      Put

Put down `wg‡q ivLv The rebellion was put down by the army.

Put down †jLv Put down what your teacher says.

Put off Lywj‡q ivLv Put off your shoes.

Put off †d‡j ivLv Don’t off anything for tomorrow.

Put out wbwf‡q ivLv I had put out the light before I went to bed.

Put on cwiavb Kiv We put on new clothes on Eid day.

Put up with mn¨ Kiv  No flesh and blood can put up with such an insult.

Put up nvZ †Zvjv The students put up their hands in the class.

                                      Run

Run after avweZ nIqv Young people always run after new fashions.

Run across nVvr mv¶vr cvIqv I ran across my old friend old friend after a long time.

Run out †kl nIqv The ink of the pen has run out.

Run off †`Šwo‡q cvjv‡bv Seeing the police, the thief ran off.

Run over Mvwo Pvcv cov The boy was run over by a car.

Run at Avµgb Kiv The two wrestlers ran at each other.

                                      Set

Set about Avi¤¢ Kiv He has just set about his work.

Set out hvÎv Kiv We set out our journey at 8.30A.M. yesterday.

Set aside cÖZ¨vL¨vb Kiv The high court set aside the decision of the lower court.

Set up ¯’vcb Kiv My father set up a school in our village.             

Set on †jwj‡q †`Iqv He set the dog on the thief.

Set apart Avjv`v K‡i ivLv The old man set apart some money for the future

Set in Avi¤¢ nIqv The rains have set in.

                                      Stand

Stand against weiƒ‡× `vuov‡bv Sher-E-Bangla stood against all oppression and injustice.

Stand by mvnvh¨ Kiv ev cv‡k `vuov‡bv I will stand by you in your weal and woe.

Stand for cÖ_x©iƒ‡c `vuov‡bv My uncle will stand for chairmanship of the Union Parishad

Stand to AUj _vKv I must stand to what I said before.

Stand in evav n‡q _vKv Nothing can stand in my way of progress.

                                      Take

Take after m`„k nIqv  The girl takes after her mother.

Take down wj‡L ivLv I took down the notes.

Take off Ly‡j ivLv  I took off my school uniform after I had come from school.  

Take off Z¨vM Kiv  The plane took off at4.30P.M.

Take over MÖnY Kiv  The new Headmaster took over the charge of the office.

Take out †Zvjv  I will take out some money from my bank account.

Take up Avi¤¢ Kiv Mr. Sadek will soon take up practicing law.

                                      Turn

Turn aside wePz¨Z nIqv We should not turn aside from the path of virtue.

Turn against kÎæ n‡q DVv I do not know why he turned against me.

Turn down evbPvj Kiv  The chairman turned down this proposal

Turn out ewn¯‹…Z Kiv The student was turned out for adopting unfair means.

Turn on PvjyKiv Please, turn on the switch.

Turn off eÜ Kiv  Please, turn off the switch.

Turn up Dcw¯’Z nIqv He has not turned up yet.

Exercise:

        Ques. Read the following passages and fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions:

1. About 72 per cent of the surface (a)......the earth is covered (b) ...... water, but its distribution (c)...... the land is not at all even. The desert region has little or no water, But our country has been richly endowed (d)...... water resources. Apart (e) ...... heavy rainfall during the monsoon. we have one of the largest networks of rivers in the world.

2. An honest man is true (a)...... his word. He does not deviate (b) ...... the path of honesty. He knows that true peace consists (c)...... honesty. So he does not fall a victim (d)...... any greed. He has no ambition (e) ......worldly things.

3. Yesterday a college student was run (a)...... by a car. The student was crossing the road and walking (b) ......Dhaka College. The passers- by and the students of Dhaka college rushed (c)......the spot. The student was taken to Dhaka Medical College Hospital. The doctors and the nurses came (d)......to help the student. A medical board was formed headed (e) ......Dr. Hasibur Rahman.

4. Everyone desires (a)...... wealth. But a few attain it. some people hanker (b) ...... riches. Some are content (c)......what they have. Thue happiness lies (d)......contentment. It is high time we gave (e) ......the habit of covetousness.

5. Man has an unquenchable thirst (a)......knowledge. He is never satisfied (b) ......what he has known and seen. For this, he set out (c)......traveling. But it needs a lot of money and patience. The people of developed countries are fit (d)......it, So, they are capable  (e) ......earning practical knowledge.

6. A pious man is absorbed (a)......meditation. He has firm faith in the Almighty. He abides         (b) ...... the rules of religion. He clings (c)...... his faith. He knows that man is accountable to the Almighty (d)......his action. So, he leads his life according to religion. He is not angry (e) ...... anybody.

7. A diary is a record (a)...... daily events, thoughts and feelings. Many things happen (b) ......life, We cannot keep all of them (c)......memory. A complete diary is a life story (d)......brief, We should always develop the habit (e) ...... writing a diary.
8. The result of honesty is (a)......description. It results (b) ......peace, On the other hand, misery results (c)......vice. So we should abstain  (d)......evil deeds, Evil deeds bring (e) ...... ruin.

9. Although a city life has many advantages, a city dweller sometimes gets tired (a)...... it, He cannot attend the office and other place (b) ......time because (c)......traffic Jam. The air in the city is polluted  (d)......smoke and dust, Besides, He is always busy (e) ...... a lot of commitments.

10. Mr. Abdullah was a school teacher. He was very popular (a)......his students. The students had easy access (b) ......his room. Whenever the students entered (c)...... his room, they found him absorbed (d)......studies. He was proficient (e) ...... English.

11. Today man has been suffering (a)......various diseases. And there is no remedy (b) ......some fatal diseases. So man is subject  (c)......decay and death. One day he will depart (d)......this world. Here he cannot live (e) ...... a long life.

12. one should not run (a)...... money because those who hanker (b) ......money cannot enjoy mental peace. Sometimes it may lead one(c)......some unexpected troubles. It also happens that greed for money brings (d)...... many problems. So we should be contented (e) ......what we have.

13. The Eiffel Tower was named (a)......Gustavo Eiffel, a Frenchman. He was born (b) ......a prosperous family in 1832, He graduated (c)......the central school of Engineering (d)......paris. Then he went to work (e) ...... a railway construction company.

14. It might have been known (a)......you that smoking is as if one is taking slow poison to die. It is very injurious  (b) ...... health. A puff (c)......smoke contains of particles which may cause cancer, blood pressure, loss of eye-sight. Nicotine in tobacco is very dangerous (d)......your health. your teeth and fingers will be affected. You will also suffer (e) ......lack of oxygen in your blood resulting in respiratory trouble.

15. Drug addiction means strong attraction (a)...... harmful things like heroine, opium, morphine, cocaine phensidy1. These drugs are taken by smoking or (b) ......injection. the frequent taking of these leads a man (c)......death. So all concerned should create awareness (d)......personal and family levels (e) ......this dangerous impact of drug addiction.
16. The Olympic Games were named (a)......the town of Olympia in Greece. In those days Greece was divided (b) ......many cities. They used to fight (c)......themselves. A man named Iphitos was concerned (d)......such wasteful strafes. He hit (e) ...... a plan to set up peace in the country. His plan worked well.

17. You will be happy to learn that I won the first prize (a)......the speech competition held (b) ......our school yesterday (c)......the importance of learning English. Now I am telling you briefly what I said (d)......that occasion. Being an international language. English holds the key (e) ......the broad expense of learning and knowledge.

18. Cordellia took leave (a)......her jealous sisters with tears in her eyes. She begged them to take good care (b) ...... their father. But they said it was necessary for her (c)......teach them their duty. She should look (d)......her husband’s welfare, and not trouble  (e) ......them.

19. you know that smoking is not only a bad habit but also injurious (a)......health. A puff (b) ...... cigarette contains millions of particles which may cause, blood pressure or loss of eye-sight. Nicotine in tobacco is very dangerous (c)......your health. Your teeth and your fingers will be affected. you will suffer (d)......lack of oxygen in your blood resulting (e) ......respiratory troubles.

20. Noise is different (a)......sound. It is harmful (b) ......our health. If somebody is exposed (c)......noise exceeding 70 decibels, he/ she is likely to suffer (d).....hearing problem.. This problem is acute (e) ......big cities.

21. I hope you are alright. What are you going to do (a)...... the next autumn vacation? please come to my village. I invite you to pass a few days (b) ......me in my village- home. I hope you will have a jolly good time here. My village is (c)......the bank of a small river which is full (d)...... the brim (e) ......the rainy season.

22. a good student is fond (a)......books. he adheres (b) ......his studies. He always tries to cut a brilliant figure (c)...... the examination. He never deviates (d)...... his duties because success depends (e) ...... hard work.

23. Do you want (a)......enjoy sound health? your answer will certainly be (b) ......the affirmative. It is because everybody wants to enjoy this. But you have (c)...... know the way of maintaining sound health. (d)......this you need to know what sound health is. When a person has both physical fitness and mental fitness, he/she can be said to be enjoying sound health. Now you can think (e) ...... physical fitness first.

24. A credit card is a wonderful money. It stands mysterious (a)......many people. It is used instead (b) ......paper money. It is a plastic money which bears some security features. There are two types (c)...... cards Credit card and Debit card. A debit card is often called electronic Purse. A credit card serves the risk (d)......carrying ready cash. In European countries most city people use credit card (e) ...... lieu of ready cash.

25. Today hepatitis is a very well-known and easily catch able disease. Most people understand that it’s a liver disease caused (a)......virus and can have an effect (b) ...... persons (c)...... all ages. At time there are cases of Hepatitis with only flu-like symptoms. Hepatitis may be of different types but A and E are more common  (d)...... this moment  (e) ......our country.