Special Clues

Special clues:

1.Was born /  Were born / Is born / Are born :

R‡b¥i mgq c„w_ex‡Z AvMgb m¤ú‡K©  ej‡Z D³ Passive Form ¸wj e¨envi Kwi|

Examples:

a. How many children are born every year in Bangladesh.

b. When were you born?

c. I was born in 1989.

2. Have to / Has to / Had to:

‡Kvb KvR Kivi eva¨evaKZv‡K wb‡`©k Ki‡Z e¨eüZ nq|

Examples:

            a. I have to do the work.

b. He has to go.

c. Asma had to leave the house.

3. Would rather (eis ev ZeyI):

Would rather  Øviv Ggb Ae¯’v‡K eySvq hv‡Z GKwUi ‡P‡q Ab¨wU †ekx cQ›`bxq|

Structure-1: Subject + would rather + base form of verb + than + base form verb + extension.

            I would rather die than beg.

Structure -2: Subject + would rather + base form of verb + 1^st noun/noun phrase +than + 2^nd noun/noun phrase.

            I would rather drink tea than coffee.

            He would rather buy a pan than a pencil.

Structure -3: Subject +would rather + be +adjective + than + be +adjective.

            I would rather be poor than be dishonest.

4. Had better / Would better (eis fv‡jv):

‡Kvb Dc‡`k ev wK Ki‡Z n‡e Zv wb‡`©k Kivi Rb¨ Had better e¨envi Kiv nq| GwU eZ©gvb ev fwel¨r †K wb`©k K‡i|

Structure-1: Subject + had better + base form of verb + extension.

            I had better go.

            He had better do the work.

Structure-2: Subject + had better + not + base form of verb + extension.

            You had better not mix with those naughty boys.

[we.`ª.  Would rather / Had better / Would better Gi ci  to infinitive Dn¨ _v‡K|]

5. Let alone ( fvevB hvq bv / cÖkœB D‡V bv):

  Let alone hy³ evK¨ me mgq Negative A_©   cÖKvk K‡i |

 Structure-1: Subject + negative word (cannot/could not/ have not etc.) + verb + noun/noun phrase + let alone + noun/noun phrase.

            He cannot buy a radio let alone a TV.

Structure-2: Subject + negative word + verb + let alone + 2^nd verb.

            The old man could not walk let alone run.

6. What if (hw` Zv-B nq / GgbB nq , Zvn‡j Kx n‡e) :

What if Øviv `ywU NUbvi cause and effect (Kvh© ev djvdj) cÖKvk K‡i|What if  hy³ sentence  wU cÖ_‡g †KvbwKQzi eY©bv cÖ`vb K‡i AZtci mswkøó NUbvwU n‡j ev bv n‡j wK n‡e ev wK n‡Z cv‡i A_ev wK n‡Z cviZ GgbwU wb‡`©k K‡i|

Examples:

a.       What if the rumour is true?

b.       What if  you had a car?

c.       What if she did not go there?

6. As if  if/ as though  (‡hb):

G ¸‡jv Zzjbv eySv‡Z e¨eüZ nq| G †¶‡Î G ¸‡jvi c~‡e©i Ask Present Indefinite n‡j c‡ii Ask Past. Indefinite nq|Avi c~‡e©i Ask  Past Indefinite n‡j c‡ii past Perfect Tense nq|

Examples:

He tells the matter as if he knew it.

He told the matter as if he had known it.

7. As soon as (‡h‡Z bv †h‡Z, Ki‡Z bv Ki‡Z, NU‡Z bv NU‡Z BZ¨vw` A_© cÖKvk K‡i) :Gi cieZx© `ywU evK¨B Past Indefinite Tense  nq|

Examples:         As soon as he reached the stadium, the game stopped.

                                As soon as Maliha reached the station, the train left.

8. What’s ………like :

What’s ……like Øviv Kx‡mi g‡Zv , Kx iKg , †Kgb A_© cÖKvk K‡i| Gi mvnv‡h¨ †Kvb e¨wKÍ ev e¯‘i eY©bv LyUwbvwU weeiY BZ¨vw` cÖ`vb Kiv nq| ZvB GwU mvaviYZ †KvbwKQz wRÁvmv Ki‡Z e¨eüZ nq|

 Examples:        What is your new neihgbour like?

                        What’s he like?

9. What does……..look like :

What does……..look like Øviv †KvbwKQz †`L‡Z †Kgb ,KZ my›`i BZ¨vw` eySvq|

Examples:         What does he look like?

                        What does your baby look like?

Introductory ‘THERE’

A‡bK mgq ev‡K¨ Clear Subject bv _vK‡j A_v©r Subject -‡K cÖ_‡g †i‡L evK¨ MVb Ki‡j hw` Zv myLKi bv nq, Zvn‡j There w`‡q evK¨ Avi¤¢ Ki‡Z nq| Avi GB  There †K Introductory ‘There’ A_v©r f~wgKvg~jK ‘There’ e‡j|

Structure: There + verb + subject.......

Examples::        1. GB e‡b A‡bK MvQ Av‡Q| - There are many trees in this forest.

2. Avg‡`i MÖv‡g GKwU gv`ªvmv Av‡Q|  There is a madrasha in our village.

3. G MÖv‡g gvbyl wQj bv|  There was no man in this village.

4. †`vqv‡Z wK Kvwj †bB?  Is there no ink in the inkpot?

5. GB Mv‡Q cvwL wQj| There was a bird on this tree.

Introductory/ Preparatory ‘It’

‡h me NUbvi Dci gvby‡li wbqš¿Y †bB, †m me NUbv ev Sentence ¸‡jv It Øiv ïiæ Ki‡Z nq | Avi GB  It †K Preparatory ‘It’ e‡j|

Ante- Meridian –A.M./AM/a.m./am

                                                      [Meridian- ga¨vý ]

Post- Meridian – P.M./PM/p.m./pm

Examples:  

1.       †fvi n‡q‡Q|- It is morning.                       10.  GLb covi mgq|-  It is time to read.

2.       GLb cuvPUv|-  It is 5 o’clock.                     11.  ejv mnR|-  It is easy to say.

3.       GLb mv‡o cvuPUv|-  It is a half past five.      12.  Kiv KwVb|-  It is difficult to do.

4.       †cŠ‡b cvuPUv|- It is a quarter to five.           13.  e„wó nq|-  It  rains.

5.       mKvj cvuPUv|-  It is 5am.                                       14. e„wó n‡”Q|-  It is raining.

6.       `ycyi eviUv|-  It is 12 noon.                        15.  Kzqvkv c‡o|-   It dews.

7.       weKvj cvuPUv|-  It is 5 pm.

8.       ivZ AvUUv|-  It is 8 pm..

9.       ivZ wZbUv|-  It is 3 am..

[wKQy e¨wZµg ¸‡jv e¨ZxZ GB `yBwUi cv_©K¨ nj,There ¯’vbÁvcK Ges It  nj mgq ÁvcK|]